A classifier-combined method based on D-S evidence theory for the land cover classification of the Tibetan Plateau
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
A classifier-combined method based on D-S evidence theory for the land cover classification of the Tibetan Plateau Shuang Hao 1
&
Yongfu Chen 2 & Bo Hu 2 & Yuhuan Cui 1
Received: 28 May 2020 / Accepted: 22 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a region with high altitudes and complicated terrain conditions. Due to the special conditions of this region, it is also regarded as the third pole of the Earth. The land cover and vegetation in this region have not been extensively studied, so this study investigated the possibility of using a combined classifier that was established based on D-S evidence theory to extract the land cover of the TP. Multiple feature images were obtained based on a single classification rule, and the feature images were normalized to obtain the basic probability assignment (BPA). The BPA was used as the evidence source to represent the belief level of each type of land cover. The information for the different belief levels was combined based on the D-S evidence theory. The maximum belief level of the combination results was used to identify the land cover types on the TP. The results of this study indicate that based on the D-S evidence theory, multiple classifiers can effectively be combined to improve the classification results. This study has also revealed that more classifiers fused together to make a combined classifier did not result in the combined classifier’s accuracy being higher than those of the original classifiers. Higher accuracies were only obtained when more high accuracy evidence theory was used in the classifier combination, in which case, the combined classifier’s classification accuracy was also high. Keywords Tibetan Plateau . High altitude . Evidence theory . Landsat OLI . Land cover
Introduction The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has an average altitude of over 4000 m, covers almost a quarter of China’s land area, and is also called the “roof of the world” (Zheng and Yao 2004) or the “third pole” of the Earth (Hua and Wang 2018). Due to its Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Shuang Hao [email protected] * Yongfu Chen [email protected] Bo Hu [email protected] Yuhuan Cui [email protected] 1
School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 200036, China
2
Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
special geographical position, the TP substantially affects the Earth’s atmospheric circulation (Jia et al. 2018). The plateau has unique geographical and configurational characteristics, strong solar heating, and a low air density. It is also one of the most sensitive areas in terms of global climate and environmental change. The TP has a significant impact on regional and global climate change (Qian et al. 2004; Qian et al. 2011; Zhu et al. 2008; Zhou et al. 2013; Wang et al. 2019). Moreover, several great rivers begin on the TP, which has led to it being known as Asia’s water tower (Hua and Wang 2018
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