A Collaborative Spline Adaptive Filter for Nonlinear Echo Cancellation
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A Collaborative Spline Adaptive Filter for Nonlinear Echo Cancellation Yi-Bo Zhao1,2 · Tao Yan1,2 · Wen-Yuan Chen1,2 · Hao-Zhi Lu1,2 Received: 28 May 2019 / Revised: 2 September 2020 / Accepted: 6 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Acoustic echo causes the quality of communication to degenerate and results in loss of clarity. Though conventional linear adaptive filters have been applied successfully to eliminate linear acoustic echo, they can barely deal with the problem of nonlinear acoustic echo. In this paper, a collaborative spline adaptive filter is presented to eliminate nonlinear acoustic echo. The filter is composed of a linear adaptive filter in the upper branch and a nonlinear spline adaptive filter in the lower branch. The nonlinear one is a Hammerstein system consisting of a spline interpolation function and a subsequent linear adaptive filter. The two branches are collaboratively combined and a mixing parameter is adopted, which can be updated to adjust the proportion of the lower branch output signal. Experimental results show that the presented method can achieve a good performance in nonlinear echo cancelation regardless of whether the nonlinear degree of the echo path varies with time or not. Keywords Collaborative spline adaptive filter · Nonlinear acoustic echo · Hammerstein system · Mixing parameter
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Yi-Bo Zhao [email protected] Tao Yan [email protected] Wen-Yuan Chen [email protected] Hao-Zhi Lu [email protected]
1
School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
2
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing
1 Introduction VoIP network phone and remote video conference systems are popular and widespread modern communication methods, where acoustic echo is a ubiquitous and inevitable phenomenon. Due to the existence of echo, the quality of communication is degenerated and clarity is lost; in the worst case, it may result in whistles. Therefore, a robust echo cancelation algorithm is needed. In the past few decades, research on acoustic echo cancelation (AEC) has shifted from a single-channel system to a multichannel one and from a linear echo case to a nonlinear case. The stereophonic acoustic echo cancelation (SAEC) of a multichannel system can be well solved by a series of multichannel adaptive filtering algorithms, such as the multichannel NLMS algorithm [7, 19], multichannel RLS algorithm, its fast version [1, 5]. To reduce the computational complexity, a multichannel frequency domain adaptive filtering algorithm has also been proposed by researchers and successfully applied in SAEC [6, 8, 18]. The problem of the nonlinear echo case is more complicated than the linear case. In this paper, we will focus on nonlinear acoustic echo cancelation (NAEC). The conventional AEC method
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