A combined domain watermarking algorithm of color image
- PDF / 4,178,108 Bytes
- 21 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 117 Downloads / 234 Views
A combined domain watermarking algorithm of color image Qingtang Su 1 & Huanying Wang 1 & DeCheng Liu 1 & Zihan Yuan 1 & Xueting Zhang 1 Received: 28 October 2019 / Revised: 23 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
At present, some watermarking techniques have been proposed to protect the copyright of image either in frequency domain or in spatial domain. Designing a combined-domain watermarking algorithm is a difficult problem, which not only has short running time of spatial-domain watermarking algorithm but also has strong robustness of transformdomain watermarking algorithm. In this paper, a novel color image watermarking algorithm in spatial domain combining the principle of discrete Wavelet transform (DWT) is presented to embed color watermark image into color carrier image. At first, how to get the first low-frequency coefficient of DWT in spatial domain is analyzed. Then, the changing quantity of the first low-frequency coefficient in spatial domain is calculated by the presented algorithm. According to the presented features of the first low-frequency coefficient, the processes of embedding watermark and extracting watermark information are finished in spatial-domain instead of DWT. This presented algorithm has the following two innovations: (i) the first low-frequency coefficient of DWT is computed by image pixels in spatial domain; (ii) the presented algorithm is as robust as the transform-domain watermarking methods, and it is as rapid as the spatial-domain watermarking methods. The simulation data shows the presented algorithm has good watermarking performances as respect to visual imperceptibility, robustness, payload, and running time. Keywords Discrete wavelet transform . Spatial-domain . color image . watermarking technique
1 Introduction In recent years, with the wide application of the network security and the rapid development of information hiding technique [7, 8], digital watermarking technique, as a powerful method, has
* Qingtang Su [email protected]
1
School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
Multimedia Tools and Applications
been widely used in copyright protection, information source authentication and information integrity authentication. Digital watermarking technique is used to embed watermark information into the original multimedia file with the detailed algorithm, but it does not affect the content of the original file [2, 5, 16, 17, 25, 27]. The performance of watermarking is directly determined by the ability of resisting various common attacks. Hence, the algorithm must ensure the invisibility, robustness, and embedding capacity. Meanwhile, the real-time features are also considered with the development of multimedia big data. According to the different processing ways of the carrier image, the watermarking technique can be divided into spatial-domain technique and transform-domain one. Generally, the spatial-domain watermarking technique refers the wat
Data Loading...
