Entropy based spatial domain image watermarking and its performance analysis
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Entropy based spatial domain image watermarking and its performance analysis Sanjay Kumar 1
& Binod Kumar Singh
1
Received: 29 October 2019 / Revised: 18 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Digital image watermarking technique based on LSB Substitution and Hill Cipher is presented and examined in this paper. For better imperceptibility watermark is inserted in the spatial domain. Further the watermark is implanted in the Cover Image block having the highest entropy value. To improve the security of the watermark hill cipher encryption is used. Both subjective and objective image quality assessment technique has been used to evaluate the imperceptibility of the proposed scheme.Further, the perceptual perfection of the watermarked pictures accomplished in the proposed framework has been contrasted and some state-of-art watermarking strategies. Test results demonstrates that the displayed method is robust against different image processing attacks like Salt and Peppers, Gaussian filter attack, Median filter attacks, etc. Keywords Entropy . Spatial domain . Hill cipher . Imperceptibility . PSNR
1 Introduction Because of the rapid expansion of internet technology it has been very difficult to protect the integrity and authenticity of multimedia [12]. In the last few decades, watermarking has become a key player for copyright protection, data authentication, etc. In the watermarking technique, special data known as the watermark is embedded in the host or original data. The watermark should be robust, secure, and imperceptible for the effective watermarking scheme [2, 15]. It is important to preserve the degradation of host image quality to the least, so no noticeable modification in the fidelity between the original and watermarked image can be observed. Imperceptibility is the prime requirement of several watermarking applications i.e. original image quality should remain intact after inserting
* Sanjay Kumar [email protected]
1
National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, India
Multimedia Tools and Applications
watermark. Watermarking can be classified into several classes but on the basis of working domain it is grouped in two class: Spatial domain, and Frequency Domain [1, 8, 9, 11, 12]. In terms of imperceptibility, spatial domain techniques are better than transform domain techniques. Apart from that, the spatial domain techniques are simple to implement and are lightweight [1, 8, 11, 12, 16]. On the basis of robustness watermarking can be classified in three-class: fragile, semi-fragile, and robust [1, 11, 16]. Robust watermarking techniques are generally used for copyright protection whereas the fragile and semi-fragile watermarking is used for data integrity and data authentication. In telecommunication and medical application, cryptographic techniques are the demanding factor for the security of watermark. Several sensors/cameras are used in various applications of image processing like remote hea
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