A Comparative Assessment of Autoclave and Microwave-Assisted Peroxometal Complex in Delignification of Wood Biomass for
For production of biofuels from woody biomass, an initial pretreatment step is required for removal of lignin prior to enzymatic saccharification. In the present study, ameliorating effects of peroxometal complexes on delignification of beech wood have be
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Abstract For production of biofuels from woody biomass, an initial pretreatment step is required for removal of lignin prior to enzymatic saccharification. In the present study, ameliorating effects of peroxometal complexes on delignification of beech wood have been studied using external (autoclave) heating and microwave irradiation. The results clearly show that ammonium molybdate, when transformed to peroxometal complex by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), exhibits potent delignification property. The beech wood gave sugar yield of 69 and 41.8% after microwave irradiation and autoclave heating, respectively, under optimized conditions. The results indicate that maximum sugar yield depends upon delignification of biomass as lignin inhibits conversion of cellulose into sugars. It can be concluded that excellent delignifying capability of the H2O2-activated ammonium molybdate system can be achieved through microwave radiation.
Keywords Biofuels Peroxometal complex Microwave irradiation
Delignification
Autoclave
Introduction The intensive utilization of fossil fuel has lead to many serious consequences like environmental pollution and long-term economic and national security concerns. Biofuels produced from biomass can act as a convenient alternative to fossils fuels (Araque et al. 2008). Biofuels are environmental friendly, emit fewer amounts of greenhouse gases and can also be used in pure form or mixed with gasoline (Sanchez and Cardona 2008). P. Verma (&) Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, N.H. 8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305801, Rajasthan, India e-mail: [email protected] V. Chaturvedi School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 K.K. Pandey et al. (eds.), Wood is Good, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3115-1_35
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Various methods have been developed to produce bioethanol (Demirbas 2005). But for large-scale production, the method should be economically viable so that biofuels become competitive with fossils fuels. Currently, bioethanol is mainly produced from sugarcane or cereals starch, which is quite expensive (Mosier et al. 2005). Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is also a potential substrate for biofuels (Itziar et al. 2012). The major components of LCB are cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin (Lee 1997; Sun and Cheng 2002; Sindhu et al. 2015). Architecture of wood consists of systematically arranged cellulose molecules, filled with hemicellulose and lignin (Chum and Overend 2001). Conversion of LCB to ethanol involves pretreatment for the opening of the crystalline structure of cellulose by breaking down of lignin, conversion of cellulose to glucose by hydrolysis with a combination of enzymes and finally fermentation of glucose to form ethanol (Wyman 2003; Mosier et al. 2005; Alvira et al. 2010). All the three steps are important. However, the pretreatment remains very crucial as it makes up for the one-third of the total cost of ethanol production (Mcaloon et al. 2002). The pret
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