A Comparative Study of the Market Configuration of the Japanese Pharmaceutical Market Using the Gini Coefficient and Her
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A Comparative Study of the Market Configuration of the Japanese Pharmaceutical Market Using the Gini Coefficient and Herfindahl–Hirschman Index Shoyo Shibata1,2 · Daigo Fukumoto2 · Takeshi Suzuki2 · Koken Ozaki1 Received: 28 February 2019 / Accepted: 15 January 2020 © The Drug Information Association, Inc 2020
Abstract Background As of 2015, the Japanese pharmaceutical market was the world’s third largest pharmaceutical market. Although previous studies have examined market differences in terms of market size and pricing policy, little is known about comparative market configurations. The present study provides a comparative analysis of pharmaceutical market configurations in Japan and five other markets. Methods Based on data for the 100 top-selling drugs in 2014 in Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the global market, we explored differences in market configurations using the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, Lorenz curves, and Gini coefficients. We also investigated market trends by analyzing changes in sales, sales volume, and price. Results The 100 top-selling drugs accounted for a lower share of the total market in Japan, France, and Germany as compared to the United States and the United Kingdom. The market deviation of the 100 top-selling drugs indicated by the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index and Gini coefficient was smallest in Japan. Sales of most of the top-100 drugs increased in all the countries studied; however, directional price changes differed by country and sales volume trend. Conclusion Our findings showed that market deviations in Japan were relatively low compared with those in other developed countries, suggesting that some of the more beneficial drugs in other developed countries obtain relatively fewer benefits from the Japanese pharmaceutical market, and some less beneficial drugs obtained more benefits. Keywords Japan · Marketing strategy · Market trend · Drug pricing · Drug development
Introduction Understanding national or regional differences in pharmaceutical market configurations is an absolute necessity if pharmaceutical companies are to develop optimal strategies tailored to specific countries or regions [1]. In 2014, total pharmaceutical revenues in the world exceeded one trillion U.S. dollars, with the United States responsible for the largest portion. However, in the recent years, the Japanese pharmaceutical sector has shown the highest growth rates. * Shoyo Shibata [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Graduate School of Business Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3‑29‑1 Otsuka, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 112‑0012, Japan
Education Research Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1‑5‑30 Shibakoen, Minato‑ku, Tokyo 105‑8512, Japan
2
In 2015, the Japanese market was the world’s third largest as it continued to catch up to global markets [1]. In that same year, the combined market share of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan was roughly 61.0% [1]. If the markets
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