A Complex Structural Study of a Particle of Lunar Regolith by Multiscale and Multimodal Bulk Microscopy
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A Complex Structural Study of a Particle of Lunar Regolith by Multiscale and Multimodal Bulk Microscopy V. Ya. Shklovera, E. N. Slyutab, *, V. P. Zagvozdina, T. G. Dmitrievaa, P. R. Kazanskiia, A. Yu. Rashkovskiia, I. G. Maryaseva, **, and E. M. Sorokinb aSystems
for Microscopy and Analysis (SМА), Moscow, 121353 Russia Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected]
b
Received October 31, 2019; revised March 17, 2020; accepted May 8, 2020
Abstract—We conducted a comprehensive multiscale study of a sample of a lunar soil particle with the minimum impact on its structure using a new methodological approach. Qualitative and quantitative information was obtained on the structure and composition of the sample over a scale range from hundreds of micrometers to tens of nanometers. The proposed correlation approach enables high-precision studies of the structure and composition of any solid samples at a limited amount of material for analysis. It opens up a possibility of accumulating and preserving digital images of valuable samples, including those degrading under terrestrial conditions, for further use by researchers around the world. Keywords: lunar minerals, regolith, X-ray microtomography, scanning electron microscopy, analytical transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis DOI: 10.1134/S1061934820100123
The study and exploration of the Moon as a geological object, similar to the Earth and other planetary and small bodies of the Solar system, is the main task of the lunar program at present, in which a comprehensive analysis of lunar matter is the main issue. Priority research areas include the study of the origin and dynamic history of the Earth–Moon system, the degree of differentiation and the internal structure of the Moon, the history of the formation of the early crust on the Moon, the global dichotomy and regional lateral heterogeneity of the composition of the lunar crust and mantle, the history of lunar magmatism and volcanism, changes in the intensity of volcanic activity and in the composition of the mare rocks of the Moon in time and space, lunar chronology, the origin of the ancient lunar magnetic field, and the nature of gravitational anomalies (mascons). The presence in the regolith of a rare asteroid and cometary matter, the presence of the relict matter of young Earth in the regolith with traces of early biological activity or even without it, changes in the activity and composition of the solar wind and galactic cosmic rays for a period of 4 billion years or more, changes in the composition of the Earth’s wind implanted in the particles of lunar regolith since the formation of the primary atmosphere on early Earth are also of interest. The practical tasks of the exploration of the Moon include the concentration and distribution of lunar resources, the
development and creation of technical means for the extraction and enrichment of useful components, the creati
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