A comprehensive and cost-effective approach for investigating passive dispersal in minute invertebrates with case studie
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A comprehensive and cost‑effective approach for investigating passive dispersal in minute invertebrates with case studies of phytophagous eriophyid mites Lechosław Kuczyński1 · Anna Radwańska1 · Kamila Karpicka‑Ignatowska1 · Alicja Laska1 · Mariusz Lewandowski2 · Brian G. Rector3 · Agnieszka Majer1 · Jarosław Raubic1 · Anna Skoracka1 Received: 9 April 2020 / Accepted: 1 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Dispersal is a fundamental biological process that operates at different temporal and spatial scales with consequences for individual fitness, population dynamics, population genetics, and species distributions. Studying this process is particularly challenging when the focus is on microscopic organisms that disperse passively, whilst controlling neither the transience nor the settlement phase of their movement. In this work we propose a comprehensive approach for studying passive dispersal of microscopic invertebrates and demonstrate it using wind and phoretic vectors. The protocol includes the construction of versatile, modifiable dispersal tunnels as well as a theoretical framework quantifying the movement of species via wind or vectors, and a hierarchical Bayesian approach appropriate to the structure of the dispersal data. The tunnels were used to investigate the three stages of dispersal (viz., departure, transience, and settlement) of two species of minute, phytophagous eriophyid mites Aceria tosichella and Abacarus hystrix. The proposed devices are inexpensive and easy to construct from readily sourced materials. Possible modifications enable studies of a wide range of mite species and facilitate manipulation of dispersal factors, thus opening a new important area of ecological study for many heretofore understudied species. Keywords Cereal rust mite · Colonization · Dispersal effectiveness · Passive dispersal · Phoresy · Wheat curl mite · Wind dispersal
Anna Radwańska and Kamila Karpicka-Ignatowska contributed equally. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1049 3-020-00532-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Kamila Karpicka‑Ignatowska [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Experimental and Applied Acarology
Introduction Dispersal is a fundamental biological process with consequences for individual fitness, population dynamics, population genetics, and species distributions. Studying dispersal is logistically challenging as this process operates at multiple temporal and spatial scales. It is also a multistage phenomenon, involving departure (initiation of movement), transience (the movement itself) and settlement in a favorable habitat (Clobert et al. 2009, 2012). Simultaneous investigation of all three stages of dispersal is particularly difficult when the focus is on microscopic organisms that disperse passively. Such organisms control neither the transience nor the settlement phase of their disper
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