A Comprehensive Review of Alternative Therapies for the Management of Chronic Pain Patients: Acupuncture, Tai Chi, Osteo
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REVIEW
A Comprehensive Review of Alternative Therapies for the Management of Chronic Pain Patients: Acupuncture, Tai Chi, Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, and Chiropractic Care Ivan Urits . Ruben H. Schwartz . Vwaire Orhurhu . Nishita V. Maganty . Brian T. Reilly . Parth M. Patel . Christopher Wie . Alan D. Kaye . Ken F. Mancuso . Aaron J. Kaye . Omar Viswanath Received: September 8, 2020 / Accepted: October 28, 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
ABSTRACT Introduction: Non-pharmacologic alternative therapies for pain have been around for a long time, some for hundreds of years. They have been used throughout history to treat many issues. Recent Findings: Currently, alternative medicine is most frequently used to treat musculoskeletal pain, and between 59 and 90% of
I. Urits (&) V. Orhurhu Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA e-mail: [email protected] R. H. Schwartz Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA N. V. Maganty P. M. Patel University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA B. T. Reilly Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA C. Wie Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA A. D. Kaye K. F. Mancuso Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
patients utilizing alternative therapies for chronic pain claimed they were helpful and can serve as an effective adjunctive for the treatment of chronic pain. Some examples of alternative therapies that will be discussed in this review include acupuncture, tai chi, osteopathic manipulation, and chiropractic care. Acupuncture, traditionally a Chinese practice, is becoming more popular across the world to attempt to relieve pain. It involves the placement of thin needles at various points in the A. J. Kaye Department of Anesthesiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA O. Viswanath Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA O. Viswanath Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA O. Viswanath Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants, Phoenix, AZ, USA
Adv Ther
body. The efficacy of acupuncture for pain is heavily debated. More research and discussion are necessary to determine the exact role it plays in the treatment of chronic pain. Tai chi is also a traditional Chinese practice that is often used as a form of meditation and for potential health benefits. Tai chi involves a series of complex movements such as squatting combined with deep breathing to achieve relaxation and pain reduction. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is a technique used by both osteopathic physicians (DO) as well as other health professionals to manage a wide range of conditions in any given patient. The technique involves utilization and manipulation of the musculoskeletal system to
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