A comprehensive simulation approach for pollutant bio-transformation in the gravity sewer
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
A comprehensive simulation approach for pollutant bio-transformation in the gravity sewer Nan Zhao1, Huu Hao Ngo2, Yuyou Li3, Xiaochang Wang1, Lei Yang1, Pengkang Jin (✉)1, Guangxi Sun4 1 School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China 2 Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia 3 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan 4 Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
HIGHLIGHTS
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
• A comprehensive pollutant transformation model for sewer systems is established. • The model comprises fermentation, sulfate reduction and ammonification processes. • Biochemical reactions related to distinct carbon sources are depicted in the model. • Pollutant transformation is attributed to different biochemical reaction processes.
ARTICLE INFO Article history:
Received 28 June 2018 Revised 6 May 2019 Accepted 14 May 2019 Available online 8 July 2019 Keywords: Gravity sewer Modeling Pollutant transformation Biochemical reaction process
ABSTRACT Presently, several activated sludge models (ASMs) have been developed to describe a few biochemical processes. However, the commonly used ASM neither clearly describe the migratory transformation characteristics of fermentation nor depict the relationship between the carbon source and biochemical reactions. In addition, these models also do not describe both ammonification and the integrated metabolic processes in sewage transportation. In view of these limitations, we developed a new and comprehensive model that introduces anaerobic fermentation into the ASM and simulates the process of sulfate reduction, ammonification, hydrolysis, acidogenesis and methanogenesis in a gravity sewer. The model correctly predicts the transformation of organics including proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, etc. The simulation results show that the degradation of organics easily generates acetic acid in the sewer system and the high yield of acetic acid is closely linked to methanogenic metabolism. Moreover, propionic acid is the crucial substrate for sulfate reduction and ammonification tends to be affected by the concentration of amino acids. Our model provides a promising tool for simulating and predicting outcomes in response to variations in wastewater quality in sewers. © Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
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✉ Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction
The sewer system is an important component of urban water infrastructure. It collects and transports wastewater from residences houses to wastewater treatment plants. Relevant studies (Schmitt and Seyfried, 1992; Jiang et al., 2009; Ren et al., 2017) have shown that biofilms can form
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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2019, 13(4): 62
on the inner wall of pipes during sewag
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