A deep-sea hydrogen peroxide-stable alkaline serine protease from Aspergillus flavus
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
A deep‑sea hydrogen peroxide‑stable alkaline serine protease from Aspergillus flavus Samir Damare1 · Abhishek Mishra2 · Donna D’Souza‑Ticlo‑Diniz1,3 · Akhila Krishnaswamy1 · Chandralata Raghukumar1 Received: 11 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract We report here the production of an alkaline serine protease by Aspergillus flavus isolated at 5600-m depth from deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Basin. When grown on defatted groundnut oil meal at 30 °C for 48–72 h, this fungal isolate produced 2000–2500 ACU mL−1 of alkaline protease. The purified protease had activity optima at pH 10.0 and 45 °C. It was a thiol-independent serine protease, identified as an alkaline serine protease ALP1 with a molecular mass of 42.57 kDa. The thermostability and activity of the enzyme increased at 60 °C, in the presence of additives such as sucrose, Tween 20, sorbitol, Ca2+ and glycerol and was not adversely affected by H2O2 indicating its potential as a detergent additive. Keywords Central Indian Basin · Cold tolerant · Deep-sea sediment · Detergent · Solid substrate
Introduction Microbial proteases as a group are one of the most important hydrolytic enzymes and account for about 65% of the total global enzyme sales (Barzkar et al. 2018). The market for proteases is projected to reach 2.21 billion USD in terms of value by 2021, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6% from 2016 to 2021 (https://www.marketsandmarke ts.com). According to the Enzyme Commission (E.C.), proteases are classified as sub-group 4 under hydrolases (Group 3). Depending on the functional group present at Accession number: 18S rRNA sequence—MT38081. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02520-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Samir Damare [email protected] 1
Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
2
Department of Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403 206, India
3
Present Address: Department of Microbiology, SVKM’s Mithibai College of Arts, Chauhan Institute of Science and Amrutben Jivanlal College of Commerce and Economics, Vile Parle West, Mumbai, India
the active site, they are also classified into four prominent groups, i.e., serine proteases (E.C.3.4.21), cysteine proteases (E.C.3.4.22), aspartic proteases (E.C.3.4.23) and metalloproteases (E.C.3.4.24) (Maheshwari et al. 2010). The proteases available in the market are mostly of microbial origin rather than plant or animal origin. This is due to high yield, time-saving, lower space requirement, ease of genetic manipulation and cost-effectiveness of using microorganisms (Razzaq et al. 2019). The microbial sources of proteases mainly include bacteria and fungi. Fungi have the capacity to grow on low-cost substrates and secrete large amount of enzymes into culture medium which could ease downstream proc
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