A descriptive study of allergen-specific IgE serological tests for canine atopic dermatitis in Thailand
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(2020) 16:475
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
A descriptive study of allergen-specific IgE serological tests for canine atopic dermatitis in Thailand Suttiwee Chermprapai1,2 and Naris Thengchaisri1*
Abstract Background: This study describes the usefulness of allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) serology (ASIS) for identifying allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis. ASIS tests were conducted in 23 dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis for indoor allergens (yeast and mites), outdoor allergens (grass pollen, weed pollen, and tree pollen), and fleas. The relationship among positive ASIS tests were determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r). Results: Of the atopic dogs, 26.09%, 4.35%, and 47.83% had positive ASIS tests for only indoor allergens, only outdoor allergens, and both indoor and outdoor allergens, respectively. The prevalence of positive ASIS tests was highest for mites (69.57%) and did not differ between indoor and outdoor allergens by age, breed, or sex. The prevalence of positive ASIS tests for indoor allergens during the rainy season (84.21%) was significantly higher than during winter (25.00%, P-value = 0.030). The correlation coefficient of the ASIS results among the outdoor allergens indicated a strong correlation between grass and tree pollen (r = 0.840, P-value < 0.01), grass and weed pollen (r = 0.812, P-value < 0.01), and tree and weed pollen (r = 0.714, P-value < 0.01). The correlation coefficient of the ASIS results of D. farinae indicated a strong correlation with A. siro (r = 0.951, P-value < 0.01) and a moderate correlation with B. tropicalis (r = 0.656, P-value < 0.01) and T. putrescentie (r = 0.672, P-value < 0.01). Conclusions: ASIS tests are useful in screening for multiple allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Dust mites are an important source of indoor allergens and may be responsible for a higher titer of IgE antibodies against indoor allergens during the rainy season. Keywords: Allergy, Allergen-specific IgE test, Atopic dermatitis, Dogs, House dust mite
Background Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with distinctive clinical features [1]. The pathogenesis of CAD has been linked to skin barrier dysfunction, immune responses to indoor and outdoor allergens, and complicated infections [2–4]. Elevation of serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is commonly found in CAD and is believed to be one of the main mediators for hypersensitivity reactions [5]. The * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
recent development of allergen-specific IgE serology (ASIS) have contributed to the rapid identification of common indoor/outdoor allergens among dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) [6]. The usefulness of ASIS tests in clinical settings compared with intradermal skin tests (IDTs) for specifying the causal allergens remains c
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