A device-interaction model for users with special needs
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A device-interaction model for users with special needs Juan Jesus Ojeda-Castelo1
· Jose A. Piedra-Fernandez1
· Luis Iribarne1
Received: 1 October 2019 / Revised: 17 August 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 / © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Interaction is a fundamental part of using any computer system but it is still an issue for people with special needs. In order to improve this situation, this paper describes a new device-interaction model based on adaptation rules for user models. The aim is the adaptation at the interaction level, taking into account the interaction device features in order to improve the usability through the user experience in the education sector. In the evaluation process, several students from a special education center have participated. These students have either a physical or sensory disability or autism. The results are promising enough to consider that this model will be able to help students with disabilities to interact with a computer system which will inevitably provide tremendous benefits to their academic and personal development. Keywords Natural interaction · Adaptation · User model
1 Introduction The European Statistics Department1 asserts that people with disabilities tend to drop out of education before ending secondary school. In 2011, 1 out of every 4 people were in this situation2 , in particular, the number of school dropouts of disabled people ranged from 11% in Sweden to more than 60% in Turkey and Bulgaria. In order to overcome this situation, it is necessary for the teaching methodology to be inclusive for and adaptive to the user. In this way, it is hoped that students will not find it difficult to study and they will not drop out of school. Natural interaction is a way to solve this problem because many undergraduates with disabilities are unable to use a computer system with the input devices which are currently available. Nowadays, the Internet has become the common means with which to seek answers when the user has any kind of
1 European 2 Eurostat
Statistics Department: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat Disability Statistics: https://bit.ly/3h3w5mY
Juan Jesus Ojeda-Castelo
[email protected] 1
Department of Informatics, Applied Computing Group, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
Multimedia Tools and Applications
doubt. Natural interaction is very useful in this context since it allows users to control the proper tools by gestures, voice or tactile interaction. There are two assistance methods in this device: the adaptation of educational systems [2] and the use of serious games for the learning process [57]. In connection with the adaptation of educational systems the e-learning platforms have a significant role since one of their aspects is that they are adaptable and interactive. One of the ways to adapt hypermedia applications is through user models [14]. Recently, the extent of the smart learning environment based on student models has increased because these contain relevant information for the l
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