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Guy Gistau Baguer

Cryogenic Helium Refrigeration for Middle and Large Powers

International Cryogenics Monograph Series Series Editors J. G. Weisend II, European Spallation Source, Lund, Sweden Sangkwon Jeong, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea (Republic of)

The International Cryogenics Monograph Series was established in the early 1960s to present an opportunity for active researchers in various areas associated with cryogenic engineering to cover their area of expertise by thoroughly covering its past development and its present status. These high level reviews assist young researchers to initiate research programs of their own in these key areas of cryogenic engineering without an extensive search of literature.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6086

Guy Gistau Baguer

Cryogenic Helium Refrigeration for Middle and Large Powers

Guy Gistau Baguer Biviers, France

ISSN 0538-7051 ISSN 2199-3084 (electronic) International Cryogenics Monograph Series ISBN 978-3-030-51676-5 ISBN 978-3-030-51677-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51677-2 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

I would like this book to be used by today’s cryogenic community, mainly by operators of cryogenic systems but also by designers, even if not all detailed information is made available for the latter’s activity. This book is a result of my personal journey into cryogenics and helium refrigeration, which is presented in logical progression through main topics such as cycle design, technology of components, system control, commissioning, operation and maintenance. At every occasion, I emphasise the