A Knowledge Discovery Approach to Diagnosing Intracranial Hematomas on Brain CT: Recognition, Measurement and Classifica
Computed tomography (CT) of the brain is preferred study on neurological emergencies. Physicians use CT to diagnose various types of intracranial hematomas, including epidural, subdural and intracerebral hematomas according to their locations and shapes.
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Salt Dough and a Laser Scanner Paul Yule
Abstract Equipped with high tech instruments including a laser scanner a and hand-held GPS receiver Heidelberger archaeologists travelled to India in order to investigate a fortification which dates to the Mauryan age – an ancient empire period. Paul Yule describes the unexpected obstacles that the archaeologist must overcome and the result of the research, which first began by means of a model fashioned in salt dough. It seems unfortunate but true that the ancient building remains under study may soon give way to housing development. Keywords Defensive architecture • Ground penetrating radar • Jaugada • Laser scanner • Sisupalgahr
In the piedmont of the Nepalese Himalayas around 500 BCE Shakyamuni first saw the light of day – a prince who later as the Buddha would effect deep changes by means of his philosophy. Two hundred years later in 326 some 1,000 km further west, the invasion of Alexander the Great came to a halt in the upper reaches of the Indus. This historic event left undeniable after effects: While the religion of the Buddha altered the internal world of India, Alexander’s campaign had dramatic repercussions on the political realities of the Subcontinent. A chain of events resulted in the rise of the Mauryas – a native ruling people who in 322 BCE established a functioning administration and with military efficiency united northern India. The famous rock edicts of the Mauryan ruler Ashoka (274–237 BCE) are India’s earliest written documents after the Harappan Period (2500–1700 BCE). By the late first millennium BCE numerous edicts in northern and southern India indicate the high level of civilisation and administration during the Mauryan
P. Yule (*) Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing & Transcultural Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany e-mail: [email protected] H.G. Bock et al. (eds.), Scientific Computing and Cultural Heritage, Contributions in Mathematical and Computational Sciences 3, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-28021-4_30, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
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Period. Even today, Ashoka’s conversion to Buddhism fascinates us. In Prakrit – a vulgate version of Sanskrit – in a simple legible script he directs his edicts to his people and implores religious correctness and obedience to his officials. The Mauryan kings ruled from their capital Pataliputra (beneath present-day Patna) – then a million city and probably the most populous city of the world then. They initiated a number of excellent architecture and artistic projects. What little of the old splendour survived are threatened by destruction. Since the late nineteenth century first colonial British and later Indians laid the foundations for the preservation of monuments and research archaeology in India. Today the Archaeological Survey of India have inherited this responsibility. The responsibility for the enormous number of scheduled monuments is one of Herculian dimensions. Even in the rich western industrial states the cultural resour
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