A luminous off-on probe for the determination of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid as an anthrax biomarker based on water-so
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A luminous off-on probe for the determination of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid as an anthrax biomarker based on water-soluble cadmium sulfide quantum dots Xiaoqing Li 1 & Lei Deng 1 & Fanghui Ma 1 & Minghui Yang 1 Received: 27 October 2019 / Accepted: 11 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A fluorescence off-on sensing platform was developed based on thioglycolic acid-stabilized cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) as fluorescence probe for the sensitive and selective detection of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA) in spores. The fluorescence emission intensity of the quantum dots at 650 nm when excited at 460 nm was first quenched by mixing with europium ions (Eu3+) and then recovered after the addition of DPA. The interaction of DPA with Eu3+ relieved the quenching effect of Eu3+ toward CdS QDs. As the DPA concentration increases, the color of the probe changes from colorless to red. The method exhibits a wide linear range from 1 to 120 μM for DPA determination, with a detection limit of 0.2 μM. The CdS QDs based nanoprobe was successfully applied for sensitive determination of DPA released from bacteria spores. In this case, the detection limit is 3.5 × 104 CFU·mL−1. Keywords Bacillus anthracis . Bacteria spores . 2, 6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid . CdS quantum dots . Fluorescence recovery
Introduction Anthrax, the pathogen of which is anthrax bacillus, is a serious infectious diseases that threat to human health [1]. Once infected with anthrax bacillus, the spores of anthrax bacillus will enter the organism and multiply rapidly to form a capsule and release toxin [2]. More dangerously, people will die within 36 h if they inhaled more than 104 spores. So the prevention of anthrax have always been one of the focus of clinical medical research [3, 4]. Anthrax bacillus will be devitalized using disinfectant and some conventional sterilization methods. However, anthrax bacillus spores are highly resistant to high temperature, radiation, dryness, extreme pH, and other adverse conditions, so that they can survive for decades in the external environment Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04272-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Minghui Yang [email protected] 1
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
[5]. The strong stress resistance mainly depends on the highly dehydrated and high density of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA) and its calcium salts (Ca-DPA) in the core area and cytoplasm of spores [6]. DPA, accounting for 5–15% of the dry mass of spores, is therefore an essential component in spores and is often chosen as a marker for spores germination analysis [7]. Effective detection of Bacillus anthracis spores is an important way for prevention and treatment of anthrax. Dormant spores may germinate when
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