A method for producing rapidly cooled liquid-quenched metal samples suitable for tensile testing
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A Method for Producing Rapidly Cooled Liquid-Quenched Metal Samples Suitable for Tensile Testing C. P H I L L I P HINESLEY AND JAMES G. MORRIS
IN r e c e n t y e a r s
s e v e r a l r a p i d cooling t e c h n i q u e s have b e e n developed which enable m e t a l s and a l l o y s to be quenched d i r e c t l y f r o m the liquid state, the m o s t notable of which is the " g u n t e c h n i q u e " developed by Duwez. 1 The t e r m " s p l a t c o o l i n g " has b e e n used to d e s c r i b e those t e c h n i q u e s in which a s a m p l e i s p r o C. PHILLIP HINESLEY and JAMES G. MORRIS arc Graduate Student and Associate Professor, respectively, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky. Manuscript submitted December 4, 1969. 1476-VOLUME I, MAY 1970
duced by s p l a t i n g a droplet of liquid m e t a l a g a i n s t a suitable s u b s t r a t e . The s u c c e s s of liquid quenching t e c h n i q u e s to produce o v e r s a t u r a t e d b i n a r y a l l o y s , new m e t a s t a b l e c r y s t a l l i n e p h a s e s , and a m o r p h o u s alloys has c r e a t e d p o s s i b i l i t i e s for unique alloy theory r e s e a r c h . In addition to the gun technique and its v a r i a n t s , other methods of liquid q u e n c h i n g such as the piston and a n v i l 2 and the t o r s i o n catapult 3 were developed to a t t a i n the type of s t r u c t u r e s m e n t i o n e d above. However, due to the s m a l l size and n o n u n i f o r m geo m e t r y of s p l a t - c o o l e d s p e c i m e n s , m e c h a n i c a l t e s t i n g
I. Vacuum Outlet 2. Insulated Coolant Container 3. Coolant Bath
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4. Copper Mold 5. Mold Cavity 6. O- Ring 7. Baseplate 8. Compression Nut 9. Injection Tube I0 Aluminum Foil =.
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Fig. 1--A s c h e m a t i c of the liquid q u e n c h injection m o l d u s e d f o r the r a p i d s o l i d i f i c a t i o n of liquid A1-Mn alloys.
4.054 o~ 4.050 z 4.046 4.042
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~ 4.030 4.034-
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34 56 ATOMIC PERCENT MANGANESE Fig. 2--The lattice p a r a m e t e r of liquid q u e n c h e d A1-Mn a l loys a s a function of d e g r e e of o v e r s a t u r a t i o n . METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS
of the new m e t a s t a b l e s t r u c t u r e s has b e e n difficult. More r e c e n t l y , l i m i t e d s u c c e s s in m e c h a n i c a l t e s t i n g was achieved by Moss 4 on p l a s m a s p r a y quenched A1-V a l l o y s , by V a r i c h and Kolesnichenko 5 on A1-Mn and A1-Cr a l l o y s , and by Toda and Maddin 6 on A1-Au a l l o y s u s i n g s p e c i m e n s produced by the t o r s i o n c a t a pult method. S p e c i m e n s produced by the t o r s i o n c a t a pult technique for t e n s i l e t e s t i n g a r e u n d e s i r a b l e s i n c e the t h i c k n e s s along the e n t i r e length is v e r y i r r e g u l a r . The p l a s m a quenched s p e c i m e n s a l s o a r e not c o m pletely s a t i s f a c t o r y for t e n s i l e t e s t i n g si
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