A never-ending story of the common shrew: searching for the origin.
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A never-ending story of the common shrew: searching for the origin. Alexandra A. Raspopova 1 & Anna A. Bannikova 1 & Boris I. Sheftel 2 & Boris Kryštufek 3 & Alexander V. Kouptsov 2 & Natalia A. Illarionova 4 & Svetlana V. Pavlova 2 & Vladimir S. Lebedev 5 Received: 23 December 2019 / Accepted: 7 April 2020 # Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bia?owie?a, Poland 2020
Abstract A range-wide phylogeographic study of the common shrew Sorex araneus was performed using the concatenation of cytb and ND2 mitochondrial genes. The data support two major lineages, one of which (European haplogroup) is distributed continuously from West Europe to West Siberia; the other (Siberian haplogroup) is found in two non-adjacent areas: in central Siberia and in southern Finland and Karelia. Several smaller subclades (East European, Balkan, and West Siberian) were identified within the European lineage. Ancestral area reconstructions were performed under the maximum parsimony criterion using the algorithm that was designed to analyze landmark data. The results suggest that the last common ancestor of the common shrew inhabited the Balkans or the Danubian-Carpathian area. The results of demographic analyses are consistent with the hypothesis of recent expansion throughout the entire distribution range. The genetic diversity indices and the expansion time estimates were higher in the western part of the range. Cumulatively, these findings support the hypothesis that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the range of the common shrew was restricted to a single refugium in Southeastern Europe. Keywords Sorex araneus . Demographic history . Molecular dating . Ancestral area estimation . Last Glacial Maximum . Mitochondrial DNA
Introduction The common shrew (Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758) is known for its fascinating chromosomal variation, which has been the subject of numerous studies for over 30 years (Zima and Communicated by: Jan M. Wójcik Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-020-00498-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Alexandra A. Raspopova [email protected] 1
Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
2
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Leninskii Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
3
Slovenian Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 290, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
4
Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Moscow 117628, Russia
5
Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, B. Nikitskaya 2, Moscow 125009, Russia
Searle 2019). Currently, 76 parapatric chromosomal races are described (Bulatova et al. 2019) throughout the species range from the British Isles to Southwest Yakutia (Zaitsev et al. 2014). The karyotype difference among the races is a product of Robersonian chromosomal rearrangements (centric fusions/ fissions) and/or whole-arm reciprocal translocations (WART). They involve 10 chromosomal arms, which can remai
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