A New Eobaatarid Multituberculate (Mammalia) from the Lower Cretaceous Fuxin Formation, Fuxin-Jinzhou Basin, Liaoning, N
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A New Eobaatarid Multituberculate (Mammalia) from the Lower Cretaceous Fuxin Formation, Fuxin-Jinzhou Basin, Liaoning, Northeastern China Nao Kusuhashi 1
&
Yuan-Qing Wang 2,3,4 & Xun Jin 2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Five multituberculate species have been reported to date from the upper Lower Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) Shahai and Fuxin formations in Liaoning Province, northeastern China. We herein describe an additional species of eobaatarid multituberculate from the Fuxin Formation, Dolichoprion lii, gen. et sp. nov., with a long (relative to height) crown of the fourth lower premolar, which is unique among eobaatarids. We also describe the upper dentition possibly referable to another eobaatarid genus previously known only from lower jaws, Liaobaatar, based on a newly discovered specimen. The new species is the sixth multituberculate (and the fourth eobaatarid) species described from the Shahai and Fuxin formations. These species suggest that multituberculates, especially eobaatarids, were taxonomically quite diverse in the mammalian fauna of East Asia at that time. Keywords China . Early Cretaceous . Eobaataridae . Fuxin Formation . Mammalia . Multituberculata
Introduction The Multituberculata were one of the most successful mammalian groups during the late Mesozoic, and survived into the Cenozoic across the K-Pg boundary. In Asia, although they were diverse and abundant in the Late Cretaceous mammalian fauna, the fossil record suggests that they were relatively minor components of the Jurassic mammalian fauna (e.g., Meng 2014; Meng et al. 2015). Jurassic multituberculates have been found only from two formations in Asia (except for India, which was not a part of Asia at that time): the earliest Asian * Nao Kusuhashi [email protected] 1
Department of Earth’s Evolution and Environment, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
2
Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
3
CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China
4
College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
multituberculate fossil records known to date were reported but have yet to be described from the Bathonian Itat Formation in West Siberia (Averianov et al. 2015); and a slightly younger paulchoffatiid Rugosodon eurasiaticus Yuan et al., 2013, was described from the Middle to Upper Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation, Liaoning, northeastern China. In contrast, ‘haramiyidans’ are much more diverse from the Jurassic of Asia (e.g., Maisch et al. 2005; Martin et al. 2010; Averianov et al. 2011; Zheng et al. 2013; Zhou et al. 2013; Bi et al. 2014; Han et al. 2017; Meng et al. 2017; Luo et al. 2017), at least some of which might have been closely related to multituberculates (e.g., Zheng et al. 20
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