A Nonlinear Model to Analyze the Structures Pounding Forces During Earthquakes
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CIVIL ENGINEERING
A Nonlinear Model to Analyze the Structures Pounding Forces During Earthquakes Vasile Calofir1 · Bogdan George Nica2
· Florin Pavel2
Received: 2 September 2019 / Accepted: 10 May 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract The estimation of the pounding effects occurring during earthquakes is still a hot topic for structural engineers. The multidegree of freedom models replaced of stick or single-degree of freedom models in recent years. Consequently, a fast and robust solver is required to accurately calculate the nonlinear structural behavior when the pounding forces are accounted. A sufficiently accurate impact model is required to estimate both the approach period and the restitution period during impact. In this paper, the Force Analogy Method is employed to model the physical nonlinear behavior of the structure. Also, a nonlinear viscoelastic impact element is used to model the pounding forces occurring during earthquakes. The equation of motion is written in a state-space form and integrated with variable timestep in a Simulink routine. Keywords Force Analogy Method · Nonlinear impact · Viscoelastic element · Plastic rotation · Simulink
1 Introduction The analysis of structural behavior of civil engineering structures is a topic that is in the current state of practice of engineers. The structural models are continuously improving in detail considering the soil interaction, physical and geometrical nonlinearity, probabilistic distribution of strength parameters, ground motion directivity, etc. However, the influence of the vicinities of the structures is scarcely illustrated in the analysis. The importance of the pounding phenomenon is illustrated in papers [1,2] describing the cause of numerous damages and even collapse of buildings during the 1985 Mexico City earthquake. One of the early studies of the structural pounding effects is the study of Anagnostopoulos [3] which involves a series of single degree of freedom (SDOF) structures. Recent studies are preformed on
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Bogdan George Nica [email protected] Vasile Calofir [email protected] Florin Pavel [email protected]
1
University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independen¸tei, No. 313, Sector 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
2
Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Bd. Lacul Tei No. 122–124, Sector 2, 020396 Bucharest, Romania
multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) structures and illustrate the interest in this phenomenon of the civil engineering community [4]. The experimental and numerical study of Pargoo et al [5] introduces the idea that the structures can be prevented from structural pounding by the use of Viscous Wall Dampers (VWD). Also, recent papers use high-definition structural models developed in powerful finite element analysis software like ANSYS and ABAQUS, and a limited number of papers use short time-consuming methods to obtain the structural response. One such paper is the study of Zhang et al. [6], which proposes a technique based on the transfer matrix met
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