A Standardized Coefficients Model to Analyze the Regional Patents Activity: Evidence from the Mexican States
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A Standardized Coefficients Model to Analyze the Regional Patents Activity: Evidence from the Mexican States Vicente German-Soto & Luis Gutiérrez Flores
Received: 2 February 2012 / Accepted: 13 August 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
Abstract A standardized coefficients model to explain and assess the importance of some factors that currently are contributing to patenting level in the Mexican states is proposed. From a theoretical point of view, patenting level may be the result of several factors such as the growth of the high-tech industries, education expenditure, schooling level, scientific research projects, and agglomeration activities, among others. The relative importance of such factors on patenting level is assessed. It seems that trade liberalization has encouraged vertical links via patenting, but technology and ideas are not disseminating across states, indicating that invents from firms—both residents and nonresidents—are private and not easily spread to other firms. From the empirical results, we conclude that public knowledge capital and high-tech industries must become high-priority objectives for the government policies in order to affect regional inventiveness capacity, and so, the long-term economic growth. Keywords Patents . Standardized coefficients . Education . Spatial effects JEL Codes I23 . O31 . Q55 . R10
V. German-Soto (*) Facultad de Economía, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Camporredondo, Edificio “E”, Planta Baja C.P. 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico e-mail: [email protected] L. Gutiérrez Flores Centro de Investigaciones Socio-Económicas (CISE), Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Camporredondo, Edificio “S”, Planta Alta C.P. 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico e-mail: [email protected]
J Knowl Econ
Introduction From the last two decades, the world economy has become more open. This process allowed increasing the economic interactions among nations reflected in a growing of world trade, financial capital, labor, and investments, among others. Actually, each nation competes within itself and with other nations in order to absorb new technologies and processes that increase the value added and competitiveness. This process should also be present in the regional scope where the absorptive capacity to access technological innovations and attract new investments is crucial to reinforce the accumulation factors and thus to affect the economic growth. Countries as regions use their absorptive capacity through several factors such as patents, foreign investments, knowledge capital, and investment in research activities, among others. In particular, Mexico has increasingly been more integrated to the world economy from 1994—with the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement—and the transfer of technology has grown considerably as consequence of the great increase in the number of patents and the foreign direct investment. One way to take advantage of the trade liberalization is reflected in the capacity of patenting of the economie
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