A novel cryogenic insulation system of hollow glass microspheres and self-evaporation vapor-cooled shield for liquid hyd
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Jianpeng ZHENG, Liubiao CHEN, Ping WANG, Jingjie ZHANG, Junjie WANG, Yuan ZHOU
A novel cryogenic insulation system of hollow glass microspheres and self-evaporation vapor-cooled shield for liquid hydrogen storage
© Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Liquid hydrogen (LH2) attracts widespread attention because of its highest energy storage density. However, evaporation loss is a serious problem in LH2 storage due to the low boiling point (20 K). Efficient insulation technology is an important issue in the study of LH2 storage. Hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) is a potential promising thermal insulation material because of its low apparent thermal conductivity, fast installation (Compared with multi-layer insulation, it can be injected in a short time.), and easy maintenance. A novel cryogenic insulation system consisting of HGMs and a selfevaporating vapor-cooled shield (VCS) is proposed for storage of LH2. A thermodynamic model has been established to analyze the coupled heat transfer characteristics of HGMs and VCS in the composite insulation system. The results show that the combination of HGMs and VCS can effectively reduce heat flux into the LH2 tank. With the increase of VCS number from 1 to 3, the minimum heat flux through HGMs decreases by 57.36%, 65.29%, and 68.21%, respectively. Another significant advantage of HGMs is that their thermal insulation properties are not sensitive to ambient vacuum change. When ambient vacuum rises from 10–3 Pa to 1 Pa, the heat Received Feb. 9, 2019; accepted May 20, 2019; online Aug. 30, 2019
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Jianpeng ZHENG, Junjie WANG ( ), Yuan ZHOU Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China E-mail: [email protected]
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Liubiao CHEN ( ) Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China E-mail: [email protected] Ping WANG, Jingjie ZHANG Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
flux into the LH2 tank increases by approximately 20%. When the vacuum rises from 10–3 Pa to 100 Pa, the combination of VCS and HGMs reduces the heat flux into the tank by 58.08%–69.84% compared with pure HGMs. Keywords liquid hydrogen storage, hollow glass microspheres (HGMs), self-evaporation vapor-cooled shield (VCS), thermodynamic optimization
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Introduction
Hydrogen energy is regarded as the most promising energy due to its advantages of no pollution, high calorific value [1], a wide range of sources [2,3], various forms of utilization, and excellent energy storage medium [4]. Efficient storage of hydrogen energy is an important concern in current hydrogen energy applications [5]. Compared with gaseous storage and metal hydride storage, liquid hydrogen (LH2) attracts wide sp
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