A novel strategy to enhance terpenoids production using cambial meristematic cells of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.
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Plant Methods Open Access
RESEARCH
A novel strategy to enhance terpenoids production using cambial meristematic cells of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. Yadi Song1 , Shang Chen1, Xiujuan Wang1*, Rui Zhang1, Lichan Tu1, Tianyuan Hu1, Xihong Liu1, Yifeng Zhang1, Luqi Huang3 and Wei Gao1,2,4*
Abstract Background: Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (T. wilfordii) is an important medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and anti-tumor activities. The main bioactive ingredients are diterpenoids and triterpenoids, such as triptolide, triptophenolide and celastrol. However, the production of terpenoids from original plants, hairy roots and dedifferentiated cells (DDCs) are not satisfactory for clinical applications. To find a new way to further improve the production of terpenoids, we established a new culture system of cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) with stem cell-like properties, which had strong vigor and high efficiency to produce large amounts of terpenoids of T. wilfordii. Results: CMCs of T. wilfordii were isolated and cultured for the first time. CMCs were characterized consistent with stem cell identities based on their physiological and molecular analysis, including morphology of CMCs, hypersensitivity to zeocin, thin cell wall and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis, combination of transcriptional data analysis. After induction with methyl jasmonate (MJ), the maximal production of triptolide, celastrol and triptophenolide in CMCs was 312%, 400% and 327% higher than that of control group, respectively. As for medium, MJ-induced CMCs secreted 231% triptolide and 130% triptophenolide at the maximum level into medium higher than that of control group. Maximal celastrol production of induced CMCs medium was 48% lower than that of control group. Long-term induction significantly enhanced the production of terpenoids both in cells and medium. The reason for increasing the yield of terpenoids was that expression levels of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGS) were upregulated in CMCs after induction. Conclusions: For the first time, CMCs of T. wilfordii were isolated, cultured, characterized and applied. Considering the significant enrichment of terpenoids in CMCs of T. wilfordii, CMCs could provide an efficient and controllable platform for sustainable production of terpenoids, which can be a better choice than DDCs. Keywords: Cambial meristematic cells, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f, Triptolide, Celastrol, Triptophenolide Background Plants are an important source for producing a vast reservoir of natural products and a common strategy for obtaining natural products is to extract from original plants, but typically the resources and the growth rate of plants limit the yields of natural products [1, 2]. *Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China Full list of author info
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