A numerical investigation on the performance of hydraulic fracturing in naturally fractured gas reservoirs based on stim
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ORIGINAL PAPER-PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
A numerical investigation on the performance of hydraulic fracturing in naturally fractured gas reservoirs based on stimulated rock volume Ali Al‑Rubaie1 · Hisham Khaled Ben Mahmud1 Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 7 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract All reservoirs are fractured to some degree. Depending on the density, dimension, orientation and the cementation of natural fractures and the location where the hydraulic fracturing is done, preexisting natural fractures can impact hydraulic fracture propagation and the associated flow capacity. Understanding the interactions between hydraulic fracture and natural fractures is crucial in estimating fracture complexity, stimulated reservoir volume, drained reservoir volume and completion efficiency. However, because of the presence of natural fractures with diffuse penetration and different orientations, the operation is complicated in naturally fractured gas reservoirs. For this purpose, two numerical methods are proposed for simulating the hydraulic fracture in a naturally fractured gas reservoir. However, what hydraulic fracture looks like in the subsurface, especially in unconventional reservoirs, remain elusive, and many times, field observations contradict our common beliefs. In this study, the hydraulic fracture model is considered in terms of the state of tensions, on the interaction between the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture (45°), and the effect of length and height of hydraulic fracture developed and how to distribute induced stress around the well. In order to determine the direction in which the hydraulic fracture is formed strikethrough, the finite difference method and the individual element for numerical solution are used and simulated. The results indicate that the optimum hydraulic fracture time was when the hydraulic fracture is able to connect natural fractures with large streams and connected to the well, and there is a fundamental difference between the tensile and shear opening. The analysis indicates that the growing hydraulic fracture, the tensile and shear stresses applied to the natural fracture. Keywords DEM · Hydraulic fracture · Fractured gas reservoirs · Natural fracture
Introduction Since its introduction, hydraulic fracturing has been established as the premier production enhancement procedure in the petroleum industry and has continued to overwhelmingly dominate low-permeability reservoirs as one of the most important field development operations (Rubin 1993). Achieving more production requires re-activation of the reservoir to increase permeability and raising the production of wells. Different phases of harvesting have a dramatic effect and because of the need to produce more hydrocarbon from unconventional reservoirs, reducing the flow of hydrocarbon fluid into the well (Tuffen and Dingwell 2005). Because of the well construction and low permeability of the reservoir * Ali Al‑Rubaie [email protected] 1
Petroleum Engineering Department, Curtin University, Miri
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