A Practical Approach for Prioritizing The Replacement of Water Pipes in Mexico City
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A PRACTICAL APPROACH FOR PRIORITIZING THE REPLACEMENT OF WATER PIPES IN MEXICO CITY V. Tzatchkov, M. P. Hansen, and H. Ramírez Mexican Institute of Water Technology, Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos, México, C.P. 62550, E-mail: [email protected]
1. Abstract In Mexico City, one of the largest cities in the world, large losses occur in the drinking water distribution system, mainly due to the age of the pipes and the type of materials used in water delivery to the end user. In the past, most of the water distribution networks in the city were built with asbestos-cement pipes. Currently, policies dictate that they be replaced by polyethylene pipes. While the size of the city leads to limited financial resources, it is important to prioritize pipe replacement; therefore, a practical approach based on Deterioration Point Allocation (DPA) is proposed to define the priority level. In the next set of factors, each is represented by appropriate indicators: 1. Failures in pipes and service connections a. Number of failures (leaks) in pipes repaired in one year for every 100 km of pipeline. b. Number of failures (leaks) repaired in one year per 1000 service connections. c. Spatial concentration of failures (leaks) in a pipe 2. Annual pipe and service connections rehabilitation or replacement level per year. 3. Operating parameters of the network: intermittent water supply, water pressure, and water losses 4. Deterioration status of pipes and service connections 5. Land subsidence A score and a weight are assigned to each factor. The score depends on the values of the indicator, and the weight on the relative importance of the factor. The final score is used to prioritize the replacement and it is calculated by adding up the scores of each factor. Considering that available information is incomplete and unstructured, two levels of use are proposed: basic (with available data, using MS Excel) and advanced (using a GIS). 2. Federal District Characteristics The Federal District (FD) itself, which is also known as Mexico City, is the political and economic development. It occupies one-tenth of the Valley of Mexico in central-south, a territory that was part of the lake basin of Lake Texcoco. In their population growth, Mexico City was incorporated into many villages that were in the vicinity, overstepping the boundaries of the City. In 2003, local governments, federal state and developed the official definition of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (MAMC), according to this definition, the metropolitan area consists of the 16 Federal District, 40 municipalities in the state of Mexico and one Hidalgo´s state. (Figure 1). In 2005 the metropolitan area was inhabited by 19,331,365 people, nearly 20 percent of the total population. According to projections from the National Population Council (CONAPO in spanish) for the July 1, 2007 estimated a population of 8,193,899 inhabitants for the city, and 19,704,125 inhabitants for the entire metropolitan area (Wikipedia 2010).
Formerly much of the ter
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