A Preliminary Epidemiologic Study of Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder Relative to Autism Spectrum Disorder and
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A Preliminary Epidemiologic Study of Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder Relative to Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disability Without Social Communication Deficits Susan Ellis Weismer1 · Eric Rubenstein2,5 · Lisa Wiggins3 · Maureen S. Durkin4 Accepted: 23 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The goal of this preliminary investigation was to compare demographic and clinical characteristics in a sample of children with likely Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder (SCD) (N = 117) to those in children with possible (N = 118) and some (N = 126) SCD traits, other developmental delay (DD) (N = 91) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (N = 642). We used data from the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED), a multi-site case–control study. Items reflecting SCD DSM-5 criteria were selected from an autism diagnostic measure, with SCD categories identified by creating quartiles. Our results suggest that SCD may fall along a continuum involving elevated deficits (in comparison to DD with no SCD) in social communication and restricted and repetitive behavior that do not reach the clinical threshold for ASD. Keywords Social communication disorder · Pragmatics · Autism spectrum disorder · Epidemiological study
Introduction There is considerable debate about how best to conceptualize Social Communication Disorder (SCD) relative to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children who meet diagnostic criteria for SCD have substantial problems with social communication but do not have the restricted interests and repetitive behaviors (RRB) seen in children with ASD (American * Susan Ellis Weismer [email protected] 1
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500, Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
2
Department of Family Medicine, Department of Population Health Sciences, and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
3
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, 1600 Clifton, Road, Atlanta, GA, USA
4
Department of Population Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
5
Present Address: Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
Psychiatric Association 2013). However, there are conflicting findings and claims as to whether SCD is qualitatively distinct from ASD or represents more of a continuum, even extending to the broad ASD phenotype, i.e., subclinical ASD (Flax et al. 2019; Gibson et al. 2013; Mandy et al. 2017; Swineford et al. 2014). SCD was first defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder—Fifth Edition (DSM-5) as persistent difficulties in social uses of verbal and nonverbal communication that result in functional limitations in communication, social participation, and/or academic achievement. Symptoms of SCD encomp
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