A Preliminary Report of Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Related Factors
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MEDICINE
A Preliminary Report of Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Related Factors Gizem Deniz Bulucu Büyüksoy 1
&
Hilal Seki Öz 1
Accepted: 1 October 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract To share the preliminary data of the study being carried out to determine diabetes risks in a hospital located in the center of Kırşehir province in Turkey. The first stage of the research is cross-sectional. The study sample consists of 248 individuals who visited the hospital between April 1 and 30, 2019. The data were collected using a sociodemographic data form and Finnish Diabetes Risk Score scale. A total of 42.3% of the participants are at a high/very high risk of developing type 2 diabetes within the next 10 years. Age, gender, and presence of a chronic disease are accepted as risk factors for type 2 diabetes in the study. Old age (OR = 4.440), being female (OR = 1.95), or existence of a chronic disease (OR = 3.915) increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (p < 0.05). The risk of diabetes is determined to be very high at provincial level and there is a significant relationship between the risk of developing diabetes and risk factors. Province-wide health protection measures should be taken rapidly to prevent diabetes and its complications. Keywords Diabetes mellitus . Healthy lifestyle . Risk factors . Screening
Introduction The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), commonly known as prediabetes, is increasing in the world and Turkey. A total of 212 million people around the world are not aware that they have diabetes. According to the International Diabetes Federation’s 2017 report, T2DM prevalence was 12.8% and IGT prevalence was 7.4%, in Turkey. These percentages are estimated to be 16.5% and 8% in the year 2045, respectively. Diabetes is a major public health issue, as it leads to premature disability and mortality, increases health care costs, and imposes an extra burden on health care [1]. Early detection and treatment of T2DM are life-saving interventions [1]. The World Health Federation’s multi-year initiative Early Action in Diabetes calls on every country to identify individuals at risk and to take measures to prevent diabetes and its complications, in their Berlin Declaration. Proposed initiatives are firstly identifying those who have or at high risk of developing T2DM and secondly taking preventative measure to ensure that those at high risk do not develop
the disease [2]. Ensuring that individuals adopt a healthy lifestyle is an important initiative in the control and management of diabetes [3]. According to a study, healthy lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of diabetes [4]. To control diabetes, there is a need for studies that support individuals’ healthy lifestyle behaviors, empower them, and enable them to discover their solutions and needs [5]. Motivational interviews, conducted with the intent of getting individuals to discover their problems and find solutions on their own, are effective tools for converting negative health behaviors to positive ones [6
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