A review of the biogas digestate in agricultural framework
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REVIEW
A review of the biogas digestate in agricultural framework Benginur Baştabak1 · Günnur Koçar1 Received: 15 August 2019 / Accepted: 13 May 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In addition to energy production from the biogas plants, which are among renewable energy technologies, biogas digestate is also produced. The scientific studies related to this product have increased especially since 2000, and continue to increase. These studies show that the usage area of biogas digestate is quite wide, and it is a valuable product. According to these studies, biogas digestate is a product that can be used in plant nutrition, animal feed, obtaining irrigation water, bio-pesticide, seed pre-treatment, phosphate salt, and carbon synthesis. When the studies are examined, it is seen that biogas digestate is a product that can compete with limited fossil resources. However, it was seen that more scientific studies should be done about risk factors, environmental effects, fertilizer treatment methods and enrichment in the long-term applications. Keywords Biogas · Anaerobic fermentation · Anaerobic digestate · Biogas residue · Biogas slurry Graphic abstract
* Benginur Baştabak [email protected] 1
Biomass Energy Systems and Technologies Center, Solar Energy Institute, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management
Statement of novelty With this study, it is thought that it will guide future studies on biogas digestate. Besides, this study shed light on the waste control in biogas plants and sustainable agriculture.
Introduction By utilizing the biodegradability of organic materials (vegetable, animal, industrial, urban waste/wastes) with anaerobic biogas technology, two main products are obtained as a result of a series of metabolic reactions by various microorganisms in the anaerobic environment as biogas and biogas digestate [1–4]. Biogas is a large part of CH4-containing flammable gas. Biogas is storable and such gas is generated by energy with different systems [5,
Fig. 1 Biogas and anaerobic fermentation publications by years
6]. According to some sources, biogas digestate, which is defined as the primary product [7] of the biogas plant and its secondary product [8–10] according to some sources, is ready for use by being subjected to different processes according to the purpose of use. Heat and/or electric energy can be produced from the anaerobic biogas plant at the end of gas production [3]. The fact that the produced energy is from renewable sources can be evaluated as financial gain in terms of environment, which makes the system valuable in economic terms. The present study aims to emphasize the importance of biogas digestate. In this context, scientific studies and reports were examined. As a result of the investigation, potential uses of biogas digestate, parameters affecting fertilizer quality, issues to be examined, economic and environmental aspects were evaluated.
3000 Anaerobic ferme
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