A review on deformation-induced electromagnetic radiation detection: history and current status of the technique
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A review on deformation-induced electromagnetic radiation detection: history and current status of the technique Sumeet Kumar Sharma1 1 2
, Vishal S. Chauhan1, and Michael Sinapius2,*
School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi 175075, India Institute of Adaptronics and Functional Integration, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 6, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
Received: 29 May 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 3 November 2020
Development of the deformation monitoring techniques for the infrastructures so as to avoid catastrophic failure and resulting economic/human loss has remained a key interest of scientists and engineers. Among various deformation monitoring techniques utilized and explored by groups of researchers, electromagnetic radiation detection is one of the intriguing techniques which has remained popular in researchers’ community till today. Almost every type of material is being explored and studied by researchers for the electromagnetic emissions when subjected to external loading and/or failure. Experimental and theoretical investigations are demonstrating these emissions to be a suitable candidate for the deformation monitoring, as a failure predictor and to know about the complex phenomenon of fracture. This article presents extensive literature review and a rigorous discussion on the work done in the past several decades regarding the exploration of electromagnetic emissions from a wide variety of materials and the underlying physical mechanisms. Thus, this review is an attempt to highlight main findings, proposed physical mechanisms, prospective applications, future scope and challenges of the electromagnetic emission detection technique.
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The Author(s) 2020
Introduction Material-oriented advancement in science and technology plays an important role as a driving force for innovation in various aspects of the civilization.
Materials in today’s era are not only expected to possess high reliability, but should also incorporate additional functions such as damage restrains, selfdiagnosis, self-repair and notification of residual life. There have been advances in instrumentation to detect effects associated with microcrack formation,
Handling Editor: P. Nash.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05538-x
J Mater Sci
their propagation and fracture. The irreversible process of plastic deformation in a long period of time forces the material to fail at lower stress levels. Generally, materials contain different types of defects that may be inherent or may be introduced during manufacturing processes. These inclusions, impurities and defects lead to formation of cracks and their propagation when there is increase in stress. Hence it is presumed that an engineering component can fail sometimes suddenly without any prior warning as a consequence of these pre-existent defects which can be tedious to detect sometimes. Thus the possible preventive measure is to determine location, size and severity of the deformat
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