A Review on Spread Spectrum Radar
Radar is used for diverse applications, and there is an enormous progression in the development of different new technologies based on its uses. It is ever growing and evolving. An overview of some of the technologies used in Radar such as spread spectrum
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Abstract Radar is used for diverse applications, and there is an enormous progression in the development of different new technologies based on its uses. It is ever growing and evolving. An overview of some of the technologies used in Radar such as spread spectrum, digital beamforming and phased array technology, and also Pulse Doppler Radar and Single Channel Spread Spectrum Digital Beamforming Radar are discussed in this paper.
Keywords Radar Spread spectrum Digital beamforming Pulse doppler radar Spread spectrum digital beamforming
Phased array
1 Introduction RADAR’s main job is to detect a target. Radio waves are transmitted and a return signal called as an ECHO is used for finding the range, angle, direction, and velocity of the target [1]. There are different approaches to improve the features such as anti-jamming, high SNR, elimination of clutter, multipath, interference, concealing the signals, CSWAP (cost, size, weight, and power) reduction, etc., of RADAR. Some of these features can be improved or gained using different approaches such as Spread spectrum, Digital beamforming, Phased array, and
N.D. Tamang (&) S.N. Sur S. Bera R. Bera Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, Sikkim, India e-mail: [email protected] S.N. Sur e-mail: [email protected] S. Bera e-mail: [email protected] R. Bera e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 A. Kalam et al. (eds.), Advances in Electronics, Communication and Computing, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 443, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4765-7_68
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Spread Spectrum Digital Beamforming techniques. This paper is a summary of these techniques used in contemporary Radar.
2 Overview of the Different Technologies Used in RADAR 2.1
Spread Spectrum
SS is a technique where the original data is multiplied with a code resulting in an increase of bandwidth in the frequency domain. This expanded signal is transmitted and at the receiver the original data is retrieved by de-spreading the received signal. Some of the features of spread spectrum are message protection by encrypting signals, noise, and multipath rejection, interference rejection, anti-jamming feature, high resolution ranging, etc. [2–6]. Majumder et al. has made a new Doppler tolerant and orthogonal on both transmit and receive waveform used in MIMO Radar which is a waveform diversity radar and called it as Spread spectrum coded Linear Frequency Modulation (SSCL) signaling [7]. The features of this kind of waveform is (a) such kind of waveform will remain orthogonal on transmit as well as receive (b) it is Doppler tolerant (c) and it approves two approaches of operation of received signal, firstly de-spreading to obtain original LFM signal, therefore getting resolution capability of LMF signal and then secondly if the received signal is multiplied with SS code, ultra-high resolution ability achieved to detach closely spaced tar
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