A Scoping Review of Arts-Based Mindfulness Interventions for Children and Youth
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A Scoping Review of Arts‑Based Mindfulness Interventions for Children and Youth Diana Coholic1 · Nicholas Schwabe1 · Kenneth Lander1
© The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) hold promise for building resilience in children/youth. We were interested in understanding why some MBIs incorporate arts-based methods, and what key findings were identified from the study of these MBIs. We used a scoping review to address our research questions. Scoping reviews can help us better understand how different types of evidence can inform practice, policy, and research. Steps include identifying research questions and relevant studies, selecting studies for analysis, charting data, and summarizing results. We identified 27 research articles for analysis. MBIs included the use of drawing, painting, sculpting, drama, music, poetry, and karate. Rationales included both the characteristics of children/youth, and the benefits of the methods. Arts-based MBIs may be more relevant and engaging especially for youth with serious challenges. Specific focus should be paid to better understanding the development and benefits of these MBIs. Keywords Mindfulness · Arts-based · Youth · Scoping review Mindfulness is a holistic philosophy and way of being in the world, and it can be both a state (an experience) and a trait (a personality characteristic or disposition) (Kabat-Zinn, 2003). Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) can help people learn to focus their attention, and with regular practice, they can learn to be aware of their present thoughts, feelings, and bodily sensations without negative judgements (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). With this nonjudgmental awareness, an individual can develop the ability to choose a response to distressing situations and emotions instead of reacting with unhealthy behaviors and interpretations (Horesh & Gordon, 2018). Indeed, emotion regulation is an important component in treating a variety of complex mental health challenges including anxiety (Chambers, Gullone, & Allen, 2009). As a way of being in the world, mindfulness represents an innerresource that contributes to resilience, which is the ability to recover from tumultuous circumstances (Bajaj & Pande, 2016). Thus, youth facing a variety of psychosocial stressors may find mindfulness a helpful strategy for mitigating challenges and building resilience. * Diana Coholic [email protected] 1
School of Social Work, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
MBIs have been developed for a range of conditions in both clinical and healthy adult populations. Well established MBIs include Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) (Kabat-Zinn, 1990), Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) (Segal, Williams, & Teasdale, 2002), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) (Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999). There is evidence that MBSR improves mental health and reduces symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression, and MBCT prevents depressive relapse (Fjorback, Arendt, Ornbol, Fink, & Walach, 2011). MBIs have also been found t
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