A Specific and High-Throughput Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Surveillance Screening of Clinafloxacin in Milk
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A Specific and High-Throughput Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Surveillance Screening of Clinafloxacin in Milk Jiahong Chen & Shuwei Lv & Qiang Wang & Zhenlin Xu & Jinyi Yang & Yudong Shen & Hong Wang & Yuanming Sun & Hongtao Lei
Received: 31 July 2014 / Accepted: 23 October 2014 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
Abstract In this study, antibody specific to clinafloxacin (CLI) was generated for the first time, and a rapid and specific surveillance screening method, fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), was developed for the detection of CLI residue in milk. The developed FPIA showed a working range from 0.8 to 787.3 μg/L with the IC50 of 25.6 μg/L. The crossreactivity to other fluoroquinolone drugs was negligible, which demonstrated high specificity. Good recoveries, ranged from 97.9 to 112.7 %, in spiked milk samples were obtained. The proposed FPIA was also validated by high performance liquid chromatography as a reference method, and the two methods yielded concordant results. The investigation indicated that the proposed FPIA is suitable for surveillance screening purposes to detect CLI residue in milk. Keywords Clinafloxacin . Homogeneous . Fluorescence polarization immunoassay . Milk
Introduction Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are antibiotics with 1,4–2–4-hydrogen oxygen-3-quinoline carboxylic acid as the basic structure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12161-014-0033-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. J. Chen : S. Lv : Z. Xu : J. Yang : Y. Shen : H. Wang : Y. Sun : H. Lei (*) Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products on Storage and Preservation (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China e-mail: [email protected] Q. Wang South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
FQs have been widely used in human and animal infectious disease prevention and treatment due to their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, strong antibacterial force, good absorption, and few adverse reactions (Emmerson and Jones 2003; Scholar 2002). Clinafloxacin (CLI) is one of the most prevalent fourth-generation FQs used to treat anaerobic bacteria (Nord 1996). CLI is usually used to treat lung and surgical infections, and recently, has also been used for the treatment of bovine respiratory diseases (Sweeney et al. 2013). However, the wide range of applications and possibility of abuse or misuse of CLI results in its accumulation in animal bodies, most likely in muscle tissues and milk. This presents potential hazards to the health of human who consumed these food products, including skin reactions (rash) (Van Bambeke et al. 2005), severe photosensitivity, and hypoglycemia (Chow 2002; Siami et al. 2001). Now, although maximum residue limits (MRLs) for CLI have not been set, China has set the MRLs of most FQs in milk as 1
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