A Strain Dependent Approach for Seismic Stability Assessment of Rigid Retaining Wall
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A Strain Dependent Approach for Seismic Stability Assessment of Rigid Retaining Wall Sanjay Nimbalkar . Anindya Pain
. V. S. Ramakrishna Annapareddy
Received: 18 May 2018 / Accepted: 9 June 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract A new method is proposed to evaluate the seismic stability of a rigid retaining wall undergoing translation or rotational failure. In the present method, strain-dependent dynamic properties are used to assess the seismic stability of rigid retaining walls against sliding and overturning failure conditions. The effect of foundation soil properties on the stability of retaining walls is also considered. From the parametric study, it is observed that the foundation soil properties have a significant effect on both sliding and rotational stability of rigid retaining walls. This can be attributed to the use of strain-dependent dynamic properties and the consideration of foundation soil properties. The predictions of the proposed method are compared and verified against the results from other methods proposed in the past. The percentage increase in the results compared to the existing literature is a
S. Nimbalkar School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia e-mail: [email protected] A. Pain (&) V. S. R. Annapareddy Geotechnical Engineering Group, CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee 247667, India e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
maximum of 10 and 28% for rigid (bedrock) and flexible (sand deposit) foundation, respectively. Keywords Retaining wall Stability Pseudodynamic Pseudo-static Active thrust Straindependent Foundation Dynamic properties List of Symbols ah, ahf, ahw Horizontal seismic acceleration in the backfill, foundation and wall, respectively b bw/H bw Top width of the retaining wall CI, CIE(t) Static and seismic wall inertia factors CR, CRD(t) Static and seismic wall rotational factors Db, Df, Dw Damping Ratio of the backfill soil, foundation soil and wall material respectively Fb, N b Horizontal and vertical components of reaction on the base of the wall FT , FI, FR Soil active thrust, wall inertia and wall rotational factor, respectively FWS, FWR Combined dynamic factor against sliding and rotational failures, respectively g Acceleration due to gravity H, Hf Height of the retaining wall and foundation depth, respectively
V. S. R. Annapareddy e-mail: [email protected]
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Geotech Geol Eng
Ka, Kae (t) k ; kf
kh ms (z), mw (z) Pae (t) Qhb (t), Qhw (t) rc t T uhb uh, uhf
Vs, Vsf, Vsw
Ww Wws, static, Wwr, static
Wws (t), Wwr (t)
Ws z, zf
a cs, csf cb, cf, cw
qb, qf d
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Static and seismic active earth pressure coefficients Complex wave number of the backfill material and foundation soil, respectively Horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient at the bedrock Elemental mass of the soil wedge and wall, respectively
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