A study on the occurrence of black water in reservoirs in Eucalyptus Plantation region
- PDF / 1,391,913 Bytes
- 14 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 29 Downloads / 159 Views
RESEARCH ARTICLE
A study on the occurrence of black water in reservoirs in Eucalyptus Plantation region Fan Luo 1,2 & Yiping Li 1 & Eyram Norgbey 1,3 Linda Sarpong 1
&
Ronghui Li 1,4 & Zhu Ya 1 & Amechi S. Nwankwegu 1 & Huang Lie 1 &
Received: 15 May 2019 / Accepted: 4 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Tianbao reservoir in southern China (surrounded by Eucalyptus plantation) serves as a source of drinking water for the inhabitants. However, the reservoir water experiences black water (BW) of which the cause remains unclear. In this study, field observation and simulated laboratory experiment were conducted to understand the cause of the BW. The diffusive gradient in thin-film (DGT) device monitored the spatial changes in concentration of iron (Fe2+), manganese (Mn2+), sulfide (S2−), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at the SWI. The planar optode (PO) showed that hypoxia contributed immensely to the high positive fluxes Fe2+, Mn2+, and S2− measured, which co-precipitated to form black materials (FeS and MnS) at the SWI. The coprecipitation between Fe–S and Mn–S was supported by their significant positive correlation (Fe–S: r > 0.05, p < 0.05, Mn–S: r > 0.2, p < 0.05). Significant reduction (p < 0.05) in tannins concentration from November (strong thermal stratification) to December (weak thermal stratification) indicated that Fe2+ and tannins reacted during the mixing of reservoir water in December due to weak stratification. The simulated experiment confirmed that fresh Eucalyptus leaves produces a significant (p < 0.05) amount of tannins during hypoxia and reacts with Fe2+ to produce black water. A high positive correlation (r > 0.8) between Fe2+ and DOC demonstrated that Fe2+ and DOC combined and contributed to the reservoir water blackening. The study provides a better understanding on the impact of Eucalyptus plantation on water quality and provide guidance for scientific planting of Eucalyptus plantation in reservoir basins in southern China to ensure safe drinking water. Keywords Black water . Tannins . Diffusive gradient in thin films . Iron . Manganese . Sulfide
Introduction Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09613-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Eyram Norgbey [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
2
Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China
3
College of Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
4
Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China
Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus, labille) has gained significant popularity in many countries across the globe because of its fast growth rate, short cutting cycle, and high economic be
Data Loading...
