A synergistic flame retardant of glycosyl cross-linking boron acid and ammonium salt of phytic acid to enhance durable f
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A synergistic flame retardant of glycosyl cross-linking boron acid and ammonium salt of phytic acid to enhance durable flame retardancy of cotton fabrics Wenju Zhu . Shuaishuai Hao . Mingyang Yang . Bowen Cheng . Jimei Zhang
Received: 1 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract In the present research, a glycosyl crosslinking coordination chelate flame retardant was designed to enhance durable flame retardancy of cotton fabrics. It was a halogen-free, non-formaldehyde boron acid and phytic acid ammonium salt synergistic flame-retardant system. The flame retardancy and durability of flame retardants prepared by different saccharides were investigated. Results showed that raffinose was the best cross-linking reagent compared with the other monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. The raffinose as cross-linking reagent prepared glycosyl cross-linking boron acid
and ammonium salt of phytic acid flame retardant (rGBAP) (100 g/L) can obtain the shortest char length of 56 mm and the largest limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 37.4%. A lower r-GBAP concentration can get good flame retardancy, due to adopt the three curing cycles process. FTIR, XPS, LOI, TG and SEM testing and characterization techniques were used to analyze and research the flame retardancy, durability, thermal oxidation stability and flame-retardant mechanisms of r-GBAP and the treated cotton fibers.
W. Zhu (&) S. Hao M. Yang J. Zhang State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] B. Cheng (&) School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
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Cellulose
Graphic abstract
Keywords Cotton Composite flame retardant Glycosyl Phytic acid Phosphorus–boron–nitrogen synergistic
Introduction Nowadays, cotton fabrics are massively used in our daily life because of their remarkable combination of properties (Sanjay et al. 2016; Li et al. 2019). However, cotton or other cellulose-based biofibers possess significant flammability characteristics due to their glycosyl organic nature, the burning cotton textiles will result in large fire losses (Silva-Santos et al. 2017; Dorez et al. 2013; Alongi and Malucelli 2015). Therefore, the flame-retardant finishing of cotton fabrics has been a research hotspot in recent decades (Pandimurugan and Thambidurai 2017; Li et al. 2010) and still been a challenge (Horrocks 2011). Nowadays, high efficiency, no toxicity, low cost ecofriendly flame retardants for cotton fibers are urgently needed (Rovira and Domingo 2019).
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Flame retardant finishing has proved to be an effective way to reduce their flammability, typified by Proban and Pyrovatex CP, which are commercial durable flame retard
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