A system for effectively predicting flight delays based on IoT data
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A system for effectively predicting flight delays based on IoT data Abdulwahab Aljubairy1,2 · Wei Emma Zhang3 · Ali Shemshadi4 · Adnan Mahmood1 · Quan Z. Sheng1 Received: 17 February 2019 / Accepted: 27 January 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Flight delay is a significant problem that negatively impacts the aviation industry and costs billion of dollars each year. Most existing studies investigated this issue using various methods based on historical data. However, due to the highly dynamic environments of the aviation industry, relying only on historical datasets of flight delays may not be sufficient and applicable to forecast the future of flights. The purpose of this research is to study the flight delays from a new angle by utilising data generated from the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. Our primary goal is to improve the understanding of the roots and signs of flight delays as well as discovering related factors. In this paper, we present a framework that aims at improving the flight delay problem. We consider the IoT data generated from distributed sensors that have not been considered in existing works in the analysis of flight delays, and for that purpose, an automatic tool is developed to collect IoT data from various data sources including flight, weather, and air quality index. Based on the heterogeneous data, an algorithm is developed to merge different features from diverse data sources. We adopt predictive modelling to study the factors that contribute to flight delays and to predict the flight delays in the future. The results of our work show a high correlation among the developed features. In particular, the results clearly demonstrate the association between the flight delays and the air quality index factor. In particular, our current prediction model achieves 85.74% in accuracy. Keywords Flight delay prediction system · Internet of Things (IoT) data · Real-time information retrieval Mathematics Subject Classification 68T01 · 68U35
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1 Introduction With the rapid advances in the economy, air traffic has become one of the main modes of transportation in the aviation industry, which however is suffering from the flight delay problem. Indeed, flight delay is a prolonged and complex issue from which the aviation industry suffers for a long time [7]. A delay in this context is the difference between actual and scheduled times of departure or arrival of a flight. According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 15 min are the threshold of the judgement on flight delays. If the actual departure or arrival of any flight exceeds the 15 min from the scheduled time, the flight is considered delayed [5]. Flight delay has a massive impact on the productivity of the airlines and airports in terms of reputation, efficiency, and economy. In addition, the performance of the aviation networks is affected when flight delays occur, and this type of delay ma
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