A theoretical and experimental study on the performance of injection-synchronized single-loop optoelectronic oscillators
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A theoretical and experimental study on the performance of injection‑synchronized single‑loop optoelectronic oscillators in presence of interference Abhijit Banerjee1 · Larissa Aguiar Dantas de Britto2 · Gefeson Mendes Pacheco2 Received: 6 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper describes an analytical model of an injection-synchronized single-loop optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) under the influence of radio frequency (RF) interfering signal to study the performance of the system considering only the phase perturbation imposed by the RF injection signal. We derive the phase dynamic equation of the system, which is used to derive compact expression for the lock-range and investigates the influence of interfering signal on the lock-range considering both weak and strong interfering signal strength. We provide formula for the lock-range of the OEO under RF injection-locking in the presence of interfering signal, to reach the steady-state. It is shown that the injection-synchronized OEO under the influence of strong interfering signal exhibits frequency jump phenomena. The experimental results corroborating the theoretical findings are given. Keywords Injection-locking · Lock-range · Transient characteristics · Optoelectronic oscillator
1 Introduction The use of OEOs for the generation of a spectrally pure and stable microwave signal (Yao and Maleki 1996; Maleki 2011) is a subject of considerable interest for modern microwave photonics systems such as time–frequency metrology, radars, wireless base stations, and medical ultrasound imaging. OEOs have also found applications in radio astronomy, signal processing, sensor communication, measurement (Nielson and Heck 2020; Shao et al. 2019). OEO is also a potential device to generate a high spectral efficiency signal in the millimetre-wave (mm-W) range (Shi et al. 2018), where the ultra-broadband signal is available. OEO can be used in the central station of the fifth generation (5G) mobile and wireless networks (Llgaz and Batagelj 2018; Llgaz et al. * Abhijit Banerjee [email protected] 1
Electronics and Communication Engineering Departament, Academy of Technology, Adisaptagram, Hooghly, West Bengal 712121, India
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Microwave and Optoelectronic Department, Aeronautical Institute of Technology (ITA), Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50 ‑ Vila das Acácias, São José dos Campos, SP 12228‑900, Brazil
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2020), which is expected to use high spectral efficiency signal in the mm-W range. Injection-locking technique has been widely used to reduce the phase noise (Multi-band OFDM alliance; Zhou and Blasche 2005), to improve the long-term stability of the OEO (Okusaga 2011; Li et al. 2014) and for high-gain frequency multiplication (Zhang et al. 1992). OEO can be used to make a special voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with both optical and electrical output (Spencer et al. 2014), which can be synchronized to a reference RF source by RF
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