A Trade-Off Negotiation Strategy for Pareto-Optimal Service Composition with Additive QoS-constraints
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A Trade‑Off Negotiation Strategy for Pareto‑Optimal Service Composition with Additive QoS‑constraints Claudia Di Napoli1 · Silvia Rossi2 Accepted: 10 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract QoS-based service composition enables the development of complex business applications. They are composed of distributed services characterized by QoS attributes representing non-functional characteristics, such as cost, execution time, and reliability. With the proliferation of services on the Internet, more candidates for each component service may be available with different QoS values. Hence, the ones satisfying QoS global constraints required for the application have to be selected. Automated negotiation is adopted to select component services in a dynamic market of services where provided QoS values may vary according to different market strategies. Nevertheless, when dealing with multiple QoS attributes, multiple service providers, and not shared information, it is difficult to guarantee the formal properties of the negotiation outcomes. In the present work, we propose a trade-off negotiation strategy that allows reaching a Pareto-optimal agreement, if it exists. The agreement consists of the QoS values of component services that are the ones selected to provide the complete application. The strategy exploits both the competition, that is due to multiple services providing the same functionality with different QoS values, and the cooperation among the providers of the different component services, that are necessary to meet the required end-to-end QoS constraints. Keywords QoS-based service composition · QoS constraints · Multi-attribute negotiation · Trade-off strategies
* Silvia Rossi [email protected] Claudia Di Napoli [email protected] 1
Istituto di Calcolo e Reti ad Alte Prestazioni, C.N.R., Naples, Italy
2
Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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C. Di Napoli, S. Rossi
1 Introduction Service composition encompasses a set of techniques enabling the development of complex distributed business applications, known as Service-Based Applications (SBAs), resulting from the composition of elementary business services. Services are atomic, self-contained computational entities, independent of the execution platform, not subject to centralized control, and usually provided by different owners in highly dynamic environments as Internet (Papazoglou et al. 2007). They provide a specific functionality and communicate with each other through well-defined and interoperable protocols. Technological advances of the last years, together with the growing pervasiveness of services available on the Internet are the driving forces for service composition, a complex process including service discovery, service selection, service orchestration, service binding, and execution. Services are characterized not only by the functionality they provide but also by non-functional attributes, referred to as Quality of Servi
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