A unified representation of the two-phase plume characteristics in gas-stirred ladle systems
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A Unified Representation of the Two-Phase Plume Characteristics in Gas-Stirred Ladle Systems VELURU SUDHAKAR and DIPAK MAZUMDAR In recent years, submerged gas injection into melts contained in ladles or similar transfer vessels has been the subject of considerable interest. Since gas injection plays a key role in determining the efficiency of numerous transport processes (i.e., dispersion, mixing, inclusion float out, etc.) carried out in these vessels, the fundamental and applied aspects of gas injection phenomena have consequently been the subject of numerous theoretical and experimental investigationY -81 Of these, the experimental studies have mostly been carried out using aqueous analogues of different sizes. Diverse gas injection induced phenomena, such as nature and properties of the resultant plumes, bulk liquid flows and the associated turbulence phenomena, the influence of an upper buoyant slag phase, etc., were investigated. These have accordingly led to an improved understanding of the related process dynamics, providing better insight of the submerged gas injection operations. The physical characteristics of gas-liquid (i.e., air-water, mercury-nitrogen, etc.) plumes of relevance to ladle processing have been investigated extensively and reported by various groups of investigators. I9-'31 Gas volume fractions,
VELURU SUDHAKAR, Graduate Student, and D1PAK MAZUMDAR, Professor, are with the Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208 016, India. Manuscript submitted September 12, 1995. 704--V
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