Abiotic Transformation of Unsaturated Lipids and Hydrocarbons in Senescent Phytoplanktonic Cells
The present paper reviews the effects of photooxidation and autoxidation (free radical oxidation) processes on the main unsaturated lipid components (branched and linear alkenes, chlorophyll phytyl side-chain, alkenones, unsaturated fatty acids, and Δ5-st
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Abiotic Transformation of Unsaturated Lipids and Hydrocarbons in Senescent Phytoplanktonic Cells Jean-François Rontani
Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Photo- and Autoxidation during the Senescence of Phytoplankton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Photosensitized Oxidation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Free Radical Oxidation (Autoxidation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Photo- and Autoxidation of the Main Unsaturated Lipid Components of Algae . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Chlorophyll Phytyl Side-Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Alkenes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Alkenones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Unsaturated Fatty Acids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 Δ5-Sterols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract
The present paper reviews the effects of photooxidation and autoxidation (free radical oxidation) processes on the main unsaturated lipid components (branched and linear alkenes, chlorophyll phytyl side-chain, alkenones, unsaturated fatty acids, and Δ5-sterols) of phytoplankton. A particular attention is given to the mechanisms of these degradation processes and to the potential role of tracers of the products formed. With these specific lipid tracers of abiotic degradation in hand, a more precise estimation of the behavior of particulate organic matter during sedimentation is expected.
J.-F. Rontani (*) Aix Marseille Université, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Université de Toulon, CNRS/INSU/IRD, Marseille, France e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 H. Wilkes (ed.), Hydrocarbons, Oils and Lipids: Diversity, Origin, Chemistry and Fate, Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90569-3_23
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