Abundance and diversity of deep-sea crustaceans (Decapoda, Lophogastrida, and Euphausiacea) in the micronekton of Bear S
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Abundance and diversity of deep-sea crustaceans (Decapoda, Lophogastrida, and Euphausiacea) in the micronekton of Bear Seamount, New England Seamount Chain V. R. Miranda 1
&
M. Vecchione 2 & T. M. Frank 1
Received: 27 July 2019 / Revised: 12 June 2020 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 2020
Abstract Bear Seamount (39° 55′ N; 67° 30′ W) is the oldest and westernmost seamount in the New England Seamount Chain. It is located in the Marine National Monument on the continental slope south of Georges Bank and is influenced by unique ecological factors and currents. We enumerated and calculated the diversity, catch per unit effort (CPUE), and distribution of trawl-susceptible crustacean micronekton (2–20 cm) in the vicinity of Bear Seamount. Sixty-six species of pelagic Crustacea (Decapoda, Lophogastrida, and Euphausiacea) were taken with large, double-warp midwater trawls at 33 stations in the spring of 2003 and 2004 and fall of 2014. Oblique trawl sampling occurred from the surface to 2238 m, with most sampling concentrated between 600 and 1700 m depth. In 2003–2004, the assemblage on the south side of the seamount was the most diverse, while the summit assemblage had the greatest CPUE and species richness. In 2014, the summit assemblage was the most diverse and species rich while the assemblage on the west side had the greatest CPUE. Rarefaction curves did not reach an asymptote, suggesting increased sampling effort will yield more species at Bear Seamount. Eusergestes arcticus and Meganyctiphanes norvegica were numerically dominant. Two species Pasiphaea hoplocerca and P. merriami are new records for Northwest Atlantic waters. Keywords Northwest Atlantic . Midwater . Assemblage . Currents . Gulf Stream
Introduction Seamounts constitute a distinctive deep-sea environment, characterized by substantially enhanced currents (Auer 1987), exposed rocky bottom (Genin et al. 1986), and fauna that is dominated by unique pelagic and benthic communities (Samadi et al. 2007). Estimates of the total
Communicated by L. Menzel Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-020-01089-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * V. R. Miranda [email protected] 1
Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 N. Ocean Dr., Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA
2
National Marine Fisheries Service – National Systematics Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
number of seamounts range to > 100,000 worldwide with a much larger number of smaller structures called knolls (Wessel et al. 2010). Despite many studies suggesting seamount endemicity (Richer de Forges et al. 2000; Rogers 2004), more studies demonstrated that many seamounts have no endemic fauna, or seamounts have some combination of cosmopolitan and endemic species (Castelin et al. 2011; Howell et al. 2010; McClain 2007; McClain et al. 2009; Samadi e
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