Occurrence of different insect species with emphasis on their abundance and diversity in different habitats of Faisalaba
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Occurrence of different insect species with emphasis on their abundance and diversity in different habitats of Faisalabad, Pakistan Uzma Ramzan 1
&
Waqar Majeed 1
&
Naureen Rana 1 & Shahla Nargis 1
Received: 30 March 2020 / Revised: 18 September 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract The occurrence of diverse and copious communities of insects are considered the indicator of ecosystem sustainability in different habitats. This study was designed to investigate the diversity of various insect species among different habitats viz. Agro-farms, citrus orchards, and around the pond areas from January 2018 to December 2018. Sampling was done every month in the morning by using sweep nets, handpicking, and Forceps. The composition, relative abundance, and diversity indices of Diptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera were computed. Maximum abundance was recorded for the Agro-farms (N = 1704) and minimum for citrus orchards (N = 1003). Diptera was documented to be the most abundant and diverse order (N = 1988), while Lepidoptera was the least diverse one ((N = 286). The diversity indices, Shannon index (3.832), Margalef richness (14.18), and Evenness (0.4662) from the citrus orchards were recorded high. Abiotic factors (Temperature, Humidity) showed a significant relationship with the occurrence of the fauna (p < 0.05). The temperature significantly and positively correlated, while the humidity negatively correlated to the diversity and abundance of fauna. However, we found a significant difference in species composition according to habitat (P < 0.001). All habitats were different from each other (Fisher post hoc test, P < 0.05). All the test was done at the level of significance (α = 0.05). Future work needs to be done by expanding the duration of the study, area, scope, and by applying different sampling techniques. Keywords Insects . Population . Habitats . Occurrence
Introduction An ecosystem is a community consisting of both living and non-living components that are present in the environment. Biodiversity includes all sorts of natural elements, such as wild and cultivated animals and plants. Moreover, it also has many aspects of nature variabilities ranging from molecular to the individual level (Gaston and Spicer 1998). Insects are one of the largest group of animals which are enormously significant for the environment which plays a vital part for the conservation of the ecosystem, improve health of the ecosystem, and the critical component for food web in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (Kevan 2002; Shuriin 2005). Biodiversity is the multidimensional
* Waqar Majeed [email protected] 1
Department of Zoology, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
property of natural systems that quantify different challenges due to the multitude of indices. Indices seek to define the general characteristics of ecosystems that enable us to compare taxa, multiple regions, and trophic levels.
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