Acclimatory responses to high-salt stress in Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) from Antarctica
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Acclimatory responses to high-salt stress in Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) from Antarctica KAN Guangfeng1∗ , SHI Cuijuan1 , WANG Xiaofei1 , XIE Qiuju1 , WANG Min1 , WANG Xinlei1 , MIAO Jinlai2 1
2
School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-active Substances, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China
Received 4 December 2010; accepted 11 October 2011 ©The Chinese Society of Oceanography and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
Abstract Antarctic ice microalga can survive and thrive in channels or pores containing high salinity in Antarctic ice layer. In this study, it was found that cell membrane permeability of green microalga Chlamydomonas sp. L4 from Antarctic sea ice was high in cells treated with hypersalinity due to the induction of active oxygen and radicals. However, increased super oxide dismutase (SOD) scavenged harmful free radicals effectively to keep cell membrane integrity. Also, the analysis of membrane fatty acids demonstrated the content of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids increased and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased under the high-salt treatment for 14 d, which effectively reduced the membrane fluidity and minimized the injury to cell membrane. The morphological changes showed that hypersalinity induced the increase of cell volume and the consumption of starch granules. However, because of the increase in detoxification of vacuoles, electron-dense deposits and SOD activity under high-salt stress, the complete noninterference thylakoids, mitochondria and cell nucleus maintained cellular fundamental metabolism. Global-expression profiling of proteins showed eight protein spots disappeared, 18 protein spots decreased and 18 protein spots were enhanced after the high-salt shock obviously (P
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