Adaptation of light-harvesting and energy-transfer processes of a diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to different light qu
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Adaptation of light‑harvesting and energy‑transfer processes of a diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to different light qualities Kumiko Oka1 · Yoshifumi Ueno2 · Makio Yokono3 · Jian‑Ren Shen4 · Ryo Nagao4 · Seiji Akimoto1,2 Received: 24 November 2019 / Accepted: 13 January 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Fucoxanthin-chlorophyll (Chl) a/c–binding proteins (FCPs) are light-harvesting pigment–protein complexes found in diatoms and brown algae. Due to the characteristic pigments, such as fucoxanthin and Chl c, FCPs can capture light energy in blue-to green regions. A pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum synthesizes a red-shifted form of FCP under weak or red light, extending a light-absorption ability to longer wavelengths. In the present study, we examined changes in light-harvesting and energy-transfer processes of P. tricornutum cells grown under white- and single-colored light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The red-shifted FCP appears in the cells grown under the green, yellow, and red LEDs, and exhibited a fluorescence peak around 714 nm. Additional energy-transfer pathways are established in the red-shifted FCP; two forms (F713 and F718) of low-energy Chl a work as energy traps at 77 K. Averaged fluorescence lifetimes are prolonged in the cells grown under the yellow and red LEDs, whereas they are shortened in the blue-LED-grown cells. Based on these results, we discussed the light-adaptation machinery of P. tricornutum cells involved in the red-shifted FCP. Keywords Light harvesting · Energy transfer · Light adaptation · Diatom · Photosystem Abbreviations AFDA Absolute fluorescence decay-associated Car Carotenoid Chl Chlorophyll FCP Fucoxanthin Chl a/c-binding protein FDA Fluorescence decay-associated LED Light-emitting diode LHC Light-harvesting complex Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-020-00714-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ryo Nagao nagaoryo@okayama‑u.ac.jp * Seiji Akimoto [email protected]‑u.ac.jp 1
Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657‑8501, Japan
2
Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657‑8501, Japan
3
Innovation Center, Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd, Atsugi 243‑0041, Japan
4
Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700‑8530, Japan
PS Photosystem RC Reaction center TRF Time-resolved fluorescence
Introduction Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms possess two photosystems, photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) (Busch and Hippler 2011; Pagliano et al. 2013; Blankenship 2014). The reaction centers (RCs) of the two photosystems utilize light energy in the wavelength region shorter than 700 nm; the PSI and PSII RCs have the special pair chlorophylls (Chls) of P700 and P680, respectively, which are responsible for charge-separation reactions (Brettel and Leibl 2001; Diner and Rappaport 2002). Most of the pigment molecules in PSI
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