Adhesion of HVOF-Sprayed WC-Co Coatings on 316L Substrates Processed by SLM
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Adhesion of HVOF-Sprayed WC-Co Coatings on 316L Substrates Processed by SLM W. Tillmann1 • L. Hagen1 • C. Schaak1 • J. Liß1 • M. Schaper2 • K.-P. Hoyer2 M. E. Aydino¨z2 • K.-U. Garthe2
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Submitted: 15 November 2019 / in revised form: 19 June 2020 / Published online: 7 August 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Different studies have been demonstrated that the surface integrity of substrate bulk materials to be coated has a significant impact on the adhesion of thermally sprayed coatings. It is known that the surface integrity of parts processed by selective laser melting (SLM) differs from those obtained from bulk materials. Although 316L stainless steel is among the most investigated material for SLM, the adhesion of thermally sprayed coatings on 316L stainless steel substrates processed by SLM has not been studied yet. This study aims at evaluating the effect of various mechanical pre-treatments onto 316L stainless steel substrates processed by SLM and their effect on the adhesion of high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF)-sprayed WCCo coatings. To differentiate between topographical effects and residual stress-related phenomena, a stress-relief heat treatment of the SLM substrates served as a reference throughout the investigations. The differently pre-treated SLM substrates were investigated with regard to the surface roughness and residual stresses. For the HVOFsprayed SLM composites, Vickers interfacial indentation tests were conducted to assess the resulting coating Production Notes: Residual Stresses Credit Line: This article is part of a special topical focus in the Journal of Thermal Spray Technology on Advanced Residual Stress Analysis in Thermal Spray and Cold Spray Processes. This issue was organized by Dr. Vladimir Luzin, Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering; Dr. Seiji Kuroda, National Institute of Materials Science; Dr. Shuo Yin, Trinity College Dublin; and Dr. Andrew Ang, Swinburne University of Technology. & L. Hagen [email protected] 1
Institute of Materials Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
2
Chair of Materials Science, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
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adhesion. The findings demonstrated that the HVOFsprayed WC-Co coatings predominantly exhibit good adhesion to the SLM 316L substrates. However, it was found that the stress state in the SLM 316L substrate surface is more likely to affect the adhesion of the WC-Co coating, while the substrate surface roughness showed a marginal effect. Keywords 316L HVOF selective laser melting WCCo coatings
Introduction Currently, scarce raw material resources, high CO2 emissions, stricter environmental regulations, as well as the reduction in energy costs are of great interest. Thus, the demand for future-oriented and economical manufacturing processes continues to increase. Regarding the production of one-off prototypes or parts (i.e., in small batches), and complex components, additive manufacturing processes are more than ever in the focus of interest. This is caused by the demand for a high degree of desi
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