Adsorption of nickel(II) and chromium(III) from aqueous phases on raw smectite: kinetic and thermodynamic studies
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ICIEM 2016
Adsorption of nickel(II) and chromium(III) from aqueous phases on raw smectite: kinetic and thermodynamic studies Sana Ghrab 1 & Samir Mefteh 2,3 & Mounir Medhioub 2 & Mourad Benzina 1 Received: 27 October 2017 / Accepted: 19 July 2018 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2018
Abstract The ability of Tunisian smectite, collected from Aleg Formation (Jebel Romena), in the adsorption of nickel (Ni(II) and chromium (Cr(III)) cations from aqueous solutions has been studied through a bath adsorption mechanism with respect to different optimal parameters including the amount of adsorption, pH, and contact time. The characterization of a smectite sample was performed using XRD, XRF, FT-IR, SEM, BET-specific surface area techniques, thermo-gravimetric analyses, and CEC. The process of adsorption kinetics was examined using the pseudo-first-order, the pseudo-second-order, and the intraparticle diffusion models. The results revealed that the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cr(III) cations was according to the pseudo-second-order model. The changes of the thermodynamic parameters such us the Gibbs free energy (ΔG), the enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS) attested, spontaneous and endothermic between 10 and 40 °C. Keywords Smectite . Nickel . Chromium . Kinetic . Thermodynamic
Introduction The discharge of the heavy metals into the environment is a critical pollution problem. Unlike organic pollutants, the heavy metals are not biodegradable. They keep accumulating in the organisms and to incorporate within the food chains through multiple pathways, which causes severe harm to human health (Lu et al. 2009; Amzal et al. 2009; Nagajyot et al. 2010; Ghnainia et al. 2016). Consequently, toxic heavy metals including zinc, nickel, copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, and mercury are of special concern in the treatment of industrial wastewater.
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Water Resource Management for Sustainable Development * Sana Ghrab [email protected] 1
University of Sfax, BP W 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
2
Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, University of Sfax, BP 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
3
Laboratory of Valorization of Useful Material, CNRSM, BP 273, 8020 Soliman, Tunisia
The toxicity of chromium ions to the mammals and the aquatic organism is approved. For mammal, the toxicity manifests also by other heavy metal ions, such as Cr(III), generally, due to her lower solubility and her little mobility in the ecosystem compartments of heavy metals. The chromium ions are mentioned by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC 2012) as strong carcinogenic agent, which changes the DNA transcription process (Nandy et al. 1990; Wielinga et al. 2001; Wang et al. 2012). At excessive concentrations, Nickel (Ni(II)) induces lungs, nose, and bone cancers. For example, the dermatitis is the major consequence of the exposure to nickel, likely costume jewelry and coins. Moreover, Ni carbonyl [Ni (CO)] has been considered as lethal to humans at atmospheric exposures of 30 ppm for 30 min (Beliles 1979; Natasha and Vern
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