Advances in Meta-Analysis

Meta-analysis is used increasingly in the social sciences to synthesize research results.  As both primary research and the questions addressed by meta-analysis have been grown more complex, meta-analysis techniques have evolved to address these issu

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Advisors: S.E. Fienberg W.J. van der Linden

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/3463

Terri D. Pigott

Advances in Meta-Analysis

Terri D. Pigott School of Education Loyola University Chicago Chicago, IL, USA

ISBN 978-1-4614-2277-8 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-2278-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-2278-5 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011945854 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012

All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

To Jenny and Alison, who make it all worthwhile.

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to my mentors, Ingram Olkin and Betsy Jane Becker, who were the reason I have the opportunity to write this book. Larry V. Hedges has always been in the background of everything I have accomplished in my career, and I thank him and Judy for all their support. My graduate students, Joshua Polanin and Ryan Williams, read every chapter, and, more importantly, listened to me as I worked through the details of the book. I am a better teacher and researcher because of their enthusiasm for our work together, and their endless intellectual curiosity. My colleagues at the Campbell Collaboration and the review authors who contribute to the Collaboration’s library have been the inspiration for this book. Together we all continue to strive for high quality reviews of the evidence for social programs. My parents, Nestor and Marie Deocampo, have provided a constant supply of support and encouragement. As any working, single mother knows, I would not be able to accomplish anything without a network of friends who can function as substitute drivers, mothers, and general ombudspersons. I am eternally grateful to the Perri family – John, Amy and Leah – for serving as our second family. More thanks are due to the Entennman-McNulty-Oswald clan, especially Judge Sheila, Craig, Erica, Carey, and Faith, for helping us do whatever is necessary to keep the household functioning. I am indebted to Magda and Kamilla for taking care of us when we needed it most. Alex Lehr served as a substitute chauffeur when I had to teach. Finally, I thank Rick for always being the river, and Lisette Davison for helping me transform my life. Chicago, IL, USA

Terri D. Pigott

vii

Contents

1

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . .