Aerobic oxidative desulfurization via magnetic mesoporous silica-supported tungsten oxide catalysts
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Aerobic oxidative desulfurization via magnetic mesoporous silica‑supported tungsten oxide catalysts Wei Jiang1,2 · Xiang Gao1 · Lei Dong1 · Jin Xiao1 · Lin‑Hua Zhu3 · Guang‑Ying Chen3 · Su‑Hang Xun1 · Chong Peng4 · Wen‑Shuai Zhu1 · Hua‑Ming Li1 Received: 15 March 2020 / Published online: 1 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract It is usually difficult to remove dibenzothiophenes from diesel fuels by oxidation with molecular oxygen as an oxidant. In the study, tungsten oxide was supported on magnetic mesoporous silica by calcination to form a magnetically separable catalyst for oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel. By tuning different calcining temperatures, the catalyst calcined at 500 °C showed a high catalytic activity with molecular oxygen as the oxidant. Under optimal reaction conditions, the sulfur removal of DBT reached 99.9% at 120 °C after 8 h. Furthermore, the removals of 4-methyldibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene could also get up to 98.2% and 92.3% under the same conditions. The reaction mechanism was explored by selective quenching experiments and FT-IR spectra. Keywords Oxidative desulfurization · Molecular oxygen · Magnetic separation · Mesoporous structure · Tungsten oxide
1 Introduction SOx produced in the combustion of fuel oil leads to severe environmental problems, such as haze and acid rain. To relief environmental pressure, deep desulfurization has Edited by Xiu-Qiu Peng Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-020-00498-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Chong Peng [email protected] * Wen‑Shuai Zhu [email protected] 1
Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of China
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School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of China
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School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
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Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, SINOPEC, Nankai Road 96 of Lushunkou City, Dalian 116045, People’s Republic of China
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been extensively explored in many countries (Smolders et al. 2019; Li et al. 2018; Afsharpour and Amraee 2017; Zhao et al. 2017a, b). Conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) has been widely applied in many industrial fields. However, it is inefficient to remove refractory sulfur components such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives with HDS under mild conditions (Behnejad et al. 2019; Gao et al. 2019; Jiang et al. 2020). In addition, high temperature and high pressure increase the cost of this technology (Shen et al. 2015). To overcome these drawbacks, it is necessary to develop alternative desulfurization technologies. Several desulfurization technologies have been developed, such as extractive desulfurization (EDS) (Wang et al. 2020; Song et al. 2017), adsorpt
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