Aflatoxicosis in cattle: clinical findings and biochemical alterations
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Aflatoxicosis in cattle: clinical findings and biochemical alterations Magdy M. Elgioushy 1 & Shimaa A. Elgaml 2 & Mohamed M. El-Adl 3 & Ahmed Medhat Hegazy 4 & Emad A. Hashish 2 Received: 23 November 2019 / Accepted: 27 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Aflatoxicosis is a serious health condition resulted from aflatoxin (AF)-producing fungi. Major health threats resulted from AFs and reflect on the livestock industry with great economic losses. There are limited scientific evidences concerning the AFs in ruminant, therefore it is important to evaluate AFs health hazards in cattle. Here, we investigate biochemical, oxidative stress, and postmortem changes associated with unexpected acute bovine aflatoxicosis. Seventy-two cattle were suffered from aflatoxisocis. Depression and inappetence were predominant clinical findings of the diseased animals. Analysis of feedstuffs revealed presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The AF-intoxicated animals showed a significant increase in alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum creatinine (SCr), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Moreover, a significant decrease in total protein (TP), magnesium (Mg), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also seen. Hepatomegaly, enlarged gallbladder as well as congestion of the intestine and kidney were observed. This study elucidates the critical and constructive measurements needed for the prevention of the AFs hazardous effects to livestock for the future control of AF outbreaks. Conducting series of diagnostic assays reflect the marked health condition alterations in the biochemical and antioxidant status of the AF-intoxicated cattle. Keywords Aflatoxicosis . Biochemistry . Cattle . Feed poisoning . Oxidative stress . Postmortem changes . Toxicity
Abbreviations AFB1 Aflatoxin B1 AFs Aflatoxins A/G Albumin/globulin ratio ALT Alanine amino transferase ALP Alkaline phosphatase AST Aspartate amino transferase Ca Calcium CAT Catalase GSH Reduced glutathione
MDA Mg NO P SCr TLC TP
Responsible editor: Lotfi Aleya
The incidence of contaminated food by aflatoxins (AFs) is reported to occur in African and European countries affecting both of the animal and human food stuff (Battilani et al. 2016). It is considered as a serious problem in Africa due to the lack of some control measures during several steps of handling, transportation, and processing of the agricultural stuff. These information were supported by a research in Tanzania about sunflower seeds and another study in Egypt which reported AF contamination in sugarcane (Stepman 2018). In this regard, the adverse effect on the human and animal health is reported with a significant impact on the economy and society (Sarma et al. 2017). Social scientists play a great role to scaleup the effect of research in Africa aiming to afford possible
* Emad A. Hashish [email protected] 1
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan Universit
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