Agricultural Biotechnology in Developing Countries Towards Optimizin
Biotechnology offers great potential to contribute to sustainable agricultural growth, food security and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Yet there are economic and institutional constraints at national and international levels that inhibit th
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Agricultural Biotechnology in Developing Countries ~ Towards Optimizing the Benefits for the Poor
Edited by
Matin Qaim Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Germany
Anatole F. Krattiger International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA), Ithaca, NY, USA
and
Joachim von Braun Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Germany
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-4419-4864-9 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-3178-1
ISBN 978-1-4757-3178-1 (eBook)
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2000. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2000 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2000 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
CONTENTS Preface 1
ix
Introduction
1
Matin Qaim, Anatole F. Krattiger, and Joachim von Braun
PART I
THE GENERAL FRAMEWORK
Overview
7
Emil Q. Javier
2
Transgenic Crops Worldwide: Current Situation and Future Outlook
11
Clive James
3
Molecular Tools for Plant Breeding
25
Christian Jung
4
Managing Biosafety Capacity Development: Technical and Political Aspects
39
Andre de Kathen
PART II
REGIONAL OUTLOOK
Overview
69
Usha Barwale Zehr
5
The Situation of Agricultural Biotechnology Capacities and Exploitation in Latin America and the Caribbean
73
Eduardo J. Trigo
6
The Current and Future Situation of Agricultural Biotechnology in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities
91
Florence Wambugu
7
Biotechnology Research in Rice for Asia: Priorities, Focus and Directions Mahabub Hossain, John Bennett, Swapan Datta, Hei Leung, and Gurdev Khush
99
Contents
vi
PART III EXPECTED IMPACTS
8
9
10 11
12 13
14 15
Overview Maria Antonia Fernandez The Roles of Economic Research in the Evolution of International Agricultural Biotechnology Gregory Graff, David Zilberman, and Cheri sa Yarkin Welfare Prospects of Transgenic Crops in Developing Countries Matin Qaim Institutional Issues in Biotechnology Applications: Concepts and Empirical Evidence from Kenya Margaret Karembu and Michael Njuguna The Role of Biotechnology for Food Consumers in Developing Countries Howarth E. Bouis Biotechnology and Global Food Security: A Private-Sector View Walter Dannigkeit Agricultural Biotechnology and the Seed Industry: Some Implications for Food Production and Security Suri Sehgal A Danger to the World's Food: Genetic Engineering and the Economic Interests of the Life-Science Industry Christoph Then Of Terminator Genes and Developing Countries: What are the Impacts of Appropriation Technologies on Technological Diffusion? Timo Goeschl and Timothy Swanson
121 125 155 175 189 215 223 229
237
PART IV INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS Overview Per Pinstrup-Andersen 16 Th
